Errors Analysis On Chinese Preposition "Yóu(由)" In Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language And The Teaching Countermeasures

Prepositions have always been the focus and difficulty of Chinese second language teaching,among which the preposition " Yóu(由)" has a high incidence of error and a complex type of error.Based on the HSK dynamic composition corpus(V2.0)of Beijing Language and Culture University and a questionnaire survey,this article collects a corpus of international students’ acquisition of the preposition " Yóu(由)".Under the guidance of the bias theory,we analyze the types of bias in the acquisition of the preposition " Yóu(由)" by international students,mainly in syntax and semantics,which can be divided into the types of lexical confusion,misplacement,misordering and fixed collocation omission.The errors are mainly due to the diversity of the grammatical functions of the modern Chinese preposition " Yóu(由)".After being classified,the preposition " Yóu(由)" can be divided into eight kinds of semantic relationships with the components it introduces after entering a sentence,specifically,the meaning of "by","through","on the basis of","from","cause","composition","source" and "manner".Most international students fail to fully grasp these uses of the preposition " Yóu(由)",resulting in frequent semantic confusion and errors.Secondly,the influence of negative transfer and excessive avoidance strategies also lead to errors.In response to the above problems and analysis,we examined the syllabus of the Chinese Proficiency Level of International Chinese Education and the syllabus of the New HSK Examination,three sets of comprehensive teaching materials for Chinese as a foreign language,two learner’s dictionaries and three native language dictionaries,and found the following problems: the common grammatical points of the preposition "Yóu(由)" included in the syllabus are relatively few,so they should be supplemented;The paper proposes suggestions for the development of the textbook by examining the explanation and exercise design of the preposition " Yóu(由)" in the comprehensive textbook for international Chinese language teaching,and finds that the explanation is too simple and the common semantics are missing,and the exercise form is single.There are also problems in the learner’s dictionary about the preposition "by",such as incomplete definitions and mismatch between example sentences and definitions.Based on the findings of the thesis,a teaching design was developed based on the meaning of the preposition " Yóu(由)",and a teaching experiment was conducted using the design.The effectiveness of this method was verified and analyzed through diagnostic tests and data analysis,combined with face-to-face interviews with learners after the class.