Research On Mass Mobilization In Jiangxi Province During The Comprehensive Anti-Japanese(1937-1941)

On July 7,1937,the all-out War of Resistance broke out,and the crisis of the Chinese nation was unprecedentedly serious.The victory of the war of resistance depends not only on the strength of the army,but also on the strength of the people.War is supported not only by the front,but also by the rear.In the face of the powerful Japanese imperialism,mobilizing the people’s power to resist the Japanese aggression,which is the general consensus of the society,thus launched a vigorous public anti-Japanese national salvation movement.This paper takes Jiangxi’s popular mobilization in the early stage of the Anti-Japanese War as the research object,mainly analyzes the background,organization and content of Jiangxi’s popular mobilization in the early stage of the Anti-Japanese War,and discusses the effectiveness and shortcomings of its popular mobilization by using Jiangxi provincial archives,newspapers and works of the Republic of China,etc.The mobilization of the people in Jiangxi during wartime had its profound social background.Facing the strong national power of Japan and the double predicament of finance and military after the outbreak of the War of Resistance,it was the general trend for the national government to mobilize the people to participate in the war of Resistance.As the front and rear of the Anti-Japanese War in Southeast China,Jiangxi had a great responsibility to defend the territory.In order to better coordinate the public mobilization work in Jiangxi during the war,under the guidance of the national government,Jiangxi established the public Mobilization Committee for fighting the enemy and other public groups for fighting the enemy from all walks of life.Relying on the Baojia system,Jiangxi organized the public to participate in various anti-enemy work.During the war,Jiangxi’s popular mobilization mainly focused on three aspects: spirit,material resources and manpower.In terms of spiritual mobilization,it mainly carried out publicity and mobilization to the people through newspapers and periodicals,dramas and other means,responded to the call of the national government for spiritual mobilization,and mobilized the collective spirit of the people by using the power of the Party and government to hold the national monthly meeting and the national life improvement competition.In terms of manpower mobilization,it is mainly carried out by assisting the rear service,carrying out the training of the people and carrying out the mobilization of troops.In terms of material mobilization,it was mainly through raising public bonds and launching donation campaigns in order to generate sufficient fiscal revenue and raise military supplies to meet the needs of the military in the front.During the war,the mobilization of the people in Jiangxi supported the Anti-Japanese War in the front,stabilized the order in the rear and fostered the spirit of Anti-Japanese War.However,due to the limitation of the nature of the Kuomintang regime,it was unable to improve the people’s lives,and it was not willing to carry out the anti-Japanese united front.In addition,it was not able to give full play to the subjective initiative of the people due to the imperfect mass mobilization mechanism,which greatly reduced the effect of its mobilization.