| As a record carrier that reflects reality,the press was an important medium for reflecting the issues of the times,as well as reflecting the public opinion aspirations and the social landscape of the journalists at that moment.In the context of Anti-Japanese War,China’s modern media had a different world.As far as the "foreigner-owned press" in the "isolatedisland" period in Shanghai is concerned,the change of its rise and fall is an important aspect that reflects the "survival of national salvation" in modern China.As the forerunner of the "foreigner-owned press" on the "isolated-island",the "Hwa Mei Wan Pao" played an important role in the anti-Japanese opinion field in the Shanghai Concession.Therefore,Taking Hwa Mei Wan Pao in the "isolated-island" period(1937-1941)as the research object and "Anti Japanese war propaganda" as the starting point,the author combs the newspaper’s propaganda and reports related to the Anti Japanese war in the "isolated-island" period,analyzes its practical path of public opinion propaganda and mobilization,and then reflects on the era significance and historical orientation of the Anti Japanese war propaganda Hwa Mei Wan Pao.This paper is divided into four chapters:The first chapter mainly expounds the establishment and development of Hwa Mei Wan Pao,and outlines the relevant historical scenes of the preparation of Hwa Mei Wan Pao from a macro level.Firstly,the paper discusses the time and space environment of Shanghai before and after the establishment of the paper,the birth of the paper in the context of Anti-Japanese War and national salvation,and the development of the paper in the "isolated-island" period.At that time,in the complex newspaper environment in Shanghai,the publication advantage of the paper gradually emerged.Secondly,This chapter expounds the founding purpose and author group image of Hwa Mei Wan Pao in the context of Anti Japanese war.The newspaper’s moderate purpose of "connecting with China and the United States through business" actually reflects the fierce speech direction of the newspaper’s anti-Japanese and national salvation.The public opinion elite platform jointly built by the editorial staff in the newspaper and the "Qingji" author group outside the newspaper also provided professional assistance for the newspaper’s publicity.Thirdly,taking the Hwa Mei Wan Pao as the starting point,the American publisher behind the newspaper,the Hwa Mei Publishing Company,engaged in the publishing business from the standpoint of justice,and successively published Hwa Mei Wan Pao,Hwa Mei Chen Pao,Hwa Mei Weekly and a series of books,forming the propaganda camp of the Hwamei system and building a solid public opinion position on the "isolated-island" at that time.The second chapter mainly presents the Anti Japanese war propaganda report Hua Mei Wan Pao through textual data,which is carried out from four aspects: journalese,newspaper layout,column setting and manuscript source.As far as journalese is concerned,the newspaper’s news,comments,newsletters,advertising cartoons and other styles are closely related to the War of Resistance,especially the speech column.In terms of layout and column settings,the newspaper is also constantly adjusting its strategies to meet the needs of the current situation.As far as the source of the manuscript is concerned,the "voice" of the newspaper’s "Daily Translation Review" column also highlights the clear trend of speech in the "backstage" of the newspaper.The third chapter mainly discusses and analyzes the public opinion mobilization of the Hua Mei Wan Pao about the anti-Japanese national salvation.Based on the previous statistics,it further analyzes the newspaper’s remarks and then focuses on explaining the mobilization of public opinion in the Hua Mei Wan Pao involving the anti-Japanese national salvation from three aspects: advocating China’s victory in the war of resistance,condemning Japan’s war of aggression against China and seeking international assistance.First,this chapter discusses the press advocacy of China’s victory in the Anti-Japanese War.Politically,on the one hand,the newspaper emphasized the important role of the national Anti-Japanese,calling for the consolidation and strengthening of the anti-Japanese national united front;On the other hand,On the other hand,it also criticized Wang Jingwei and other traitors,and denounced their false peaceful arguments.In terms of military affairs,the newspaper advocated the heroic deeds of the Chinese military and civilians in the anti-Japanese war through a large number of reports and remarks,and showed the spirit of the anti-Japanese generals,thereby showing the prosperity of China’s anti-Japanese forces.In terms of material construction and mass mobilization,the newspaper focused on publicizing the three major campaigns of "Economy and Donation",“Economy and Rescue" and "recruiting winter clothes",and actively mobilized the public to donate materials to the heroic front-line fighters to support the war.In terms of spiritual mobilization,on the one hand,the newspaper emphasized the decisive role of the national spirit to the country and the nation,and on the other hand,it also constructed the belief that the war of resistance will be won through its speech,which created a public opinion atmosphere that China will win the war of resistance.Secondly,it expounds the newspaper’s scolding of public opinion on Japan’s war of aggression against China.While exposing a large number of atrocities committed by the Japanese army against China,the newspaper also showed the turmoil in the domestic situation,the embarrassment of the economy and people’s livelihood and the desperate situation of diplomatic isolation after launching an all-out war of aggression against China through continuous reports and comments.Thirdly,while recognizing and positioning the role of the United States,Britain,the Soviet Union and other countries in the war of resistance,the newspaper also focused on demonstrating the fragility of the fascist alliance.On this basis,it actively called on the international community to strengthen assistance to China from the three levels of reason,emotion and action.The fourth chapter mainly discusses the era choice and historical significance of the Anti-Japanese War propaganda of Hua Mei Wan Pao.On the basis of the previous analysis,this paper compares and analyzes the Hua Mei Wan Pao and other "foreigner-owned press" in Shanghai in the same period,and discusses the characteristics of Hua Mei Wan Pao as a newsprint under the context of Anti-Japanese War and its sense of direction in public opinion when facing the issues of the times.In the context of national salvation,the formation of the newspaper style of Hua Mei Wan Pao not only depends on the choice of its founder,but also is the result given by the times and society.This paper’s research on the newspaper’s propaganda and mobilization can not only reflect the media mirror image of the Anti-Japanese War on isolated-island at that time,but also provide reference for the current public opinion propaganda work to a certain extent. |
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