A Study On Jiaojiazhuang Agricultural Cooperatives In Yongchang County,Gansu Province(1949-1957)

Jiaojiazhuang,which is located in the northwestern frontier,has formed oasis irrigation agriculture with regional characteristics by relying on the meltwater of Qilian Mountain glacier under the condition of less precipitation.However,due to the instability of the climate,local natural disasters are quite frequent,which limits the development of agriculture.Under the influence of specific ecological environment,Jiaojiazhuang has always been on the edge of the central regime in the historical period,and after entering the 20 th century,it fell into the long-term tug of war between the local warlords and the central government.Under the interaction of ecological environment and social environment,a "Yongchang model" has been formed in the local area,which is different from other areas in China.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,the Communist Party of China carried out a series of construction work in the Jiaojiazhuang area.With the completion of land reform,the original "Yongchang model" was completely broken,and the agricultural collectivization policy was first implemented in Jiaojiazhuang,and Jiaojiazhuang Agricultural Production Cooperative,the first agricultural cooperative in Gansu Province,was established.Since then,Gansu Province has invested a lot of human and material resources to build Jiaojiazhuang into a "model cooperative" belonging to Gansu Province.The emerging cooperation system gives full play to the hedging function of system and technology,which makes the economy of Jiaojiazhuang cooperative develop rapidly and profoundly changes the production and life of farmers in Jiaojiazhuang area.With the implementation of the policy of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing vice and controlling purchase and marketing,the farmers in Jiaojiazhuang took a series of recessive measures to resist.By overhauling the co-operatives in 1955,farmers gradually abandoned the idea of competing with the state apparatus.After the climax of agricultural cooperation arrived,Jiaojiazhuang transformed into a trinity of agriculture,animal husbandry,sideline comprehensive senior agricultural cooperative.