A Study Of Shanghai’s "Literature And Art Monthly" From The Perspective Of New Chinese Literary Construction In The 1950s

Shanghai Literature and Art Monthly is an important local publication in the 1950 s,based in Shanghai,serving the literary and artistic work of various provinces and cities in East China.During the periodical,Literature and Art Monthly deeply participated in the construction of mainstream literature in New China in the 1950 s,reflecting the trend of literature in the past 17 years.This paper intends to use the methods of mutual verification of literature and history and close reading of texts,in an attempt to explore the interactive relationship between Literature and Art Monthly and New Chinese literature in the 1950 s.The first chapter sorts out the overall situation of the "Literature and Art Monthly".Firstly,the ecology of literary journals in the 1950 s is analyzed,and the relative tension between politics and literature in literary journals is clarified.After that,the history of the "Literature and Art Monthly" was briefly sorted out,and as the predecessor of the "Literature and Art Monthly","Literature and Art New Land" was founded in February 1951,and when it was published in its 10 th issue,it was suspended because the editorial board wanted to participate in the land reform movement.In the following two years,the editorial board has been preparing for the resumption of the publication,and after some deliberation,it was finally decided to change the name of the republication to "Literature and Art Monthly".Founded in January 1953 and renamed Shanghai Literature in September 1959,Literature and Art Monthly lasted six years and nine months,with a total of 81 issues.The journal is edited by Ba Jin as the nominal editor-in-chief,and Tang Tao as the deputy editor-in-chief and responsible for the actual work of the journal.In the direction of the publication of "Literature and Art Monthly","Literature and Art Monthly" tried to make the journal more lively at the beginning of its establishment,and explored the mode of running a journal that mainly publishes works and takes into account theoretical criticism.In addition,the contradiction between the "Zhou Yang faction" and the "Hu Feng faction" implied in the "Literature and Art Monthly",and the two sides used ideology as a tool to attack each other,and with the criticism of the "Hu Feng counterrevolutionary clique",the "Hu Feng faction" lost its momentum,and other "factional forces" in the "Literature and Art Monthly" gradually lost their voice,and finally unified in the discourse space of mainstream literature.Correspondingly,the political standards in literary criticism became an important follower for the publication,which also prompted the Literature and Art Monthly to adjust its editorial strategy,correct the tendency of the "Literature and Art Monthly" to focus on intellectuals as the main audience in the early days of its establishment,and then clarify the target audience of workers,peasants and soldiers as the main body.The second chapter analyzes the interaction between the Literature and Art Monthly and the literary trends and controversies of the 1950 s New China.Driven by the literary trend of socialist realism,the Literature and Art Monthly discussed the issues of literature and politics,literature and life.The "Literature and Art Monthly" organized relevant articles criticized the formulaic and conceptual phenomena that are divorced from reality in creation,and then emphasized that the creation should express the fighting and revolutionary nature,and infect and educate the people through real and typical environments and characters.In terms of literary controversy,influenced by the "double hundred policy",some writers began to "intervene in life" in their creations,exposing contradictions and conflicts in life and breaking the previous forbidden area of literature and art.As a result,the question of "praise and exposure" has a brief divergence.In this context,the writers in the "Literature and Art Monthly" debated how to "expose",but the journal mainly stayed at the level of theoretical discussion,and there were few related creations.On the other hand,the "Double Hundred Policy" also promoted free academic discussion in the "Literature and Art Monthly",and the academic voice of "criticism and counter-criticism" was intertwined in the "Literature and Art Monthly".In the ideological trend and controversy of the construction of mainstream literature in New China in the 1950 s,the shaping of Lu Xun’s literary image was also deeply involved,and in this process,Lu Xun,as a tool for publicity and education to writers,was established in the "Literature and Art Monthly" as a literary image in line with the mainstream literary and artistic direction.Many "Lu Xun protégés" in "Literature and Art Monthly" also injected more new connotations into Lu Xun’s literary image in the process of the occurrence and development of mainstream literature.Chapter 3 examines the writing of Shanghai workers in the Literature and Art Monthly.First of all,the rich literary and artistic activities of Shanghai workers reflected in the "Literature and Art Monthly" are summarized,and under the huge worker base and rich literary and artistic activities in Shanghai,more workers have changed from bystanders of literature and art to creators of literature and art.The "Literature and Art Monthly" actively organizes workers’ writing,and workers’ writers carry out writing guidance under the principles of amateur,voluntariness and mass nature,and professional writers actively carry out writing guidance for workers’ amateur writers.However,the aesthetic emotions of workers’ writing in journals are basically limited to production and construction,and the aesthetic value of the work itself is difficult to improve.Chapter 4 examines the overall literary landscape of Literature and Art Monthly.Firstly,the literary historical significance of the literary creation and criticism space of workers,peasants and soldiers in the "Literature and Art Monthly" is analyzed,and in the construction of the literary system of workers,peasants and soldiers in the "Literature and Art Monthly",the discourse of workers,peasants and soldiers has gained more discourse space in "Literature and Art Monthly".Taking into account the knowledge level and acceptance ability of workers,peasants and soldiers,Literature and Art Monthly actively guides the theater troupe’s theatrical activities in Shanghai and surrounding provinces and cities,reveals the problems in drama performance,promotes performance experience,and at the same time discusses the sorting and transformation of traditional repertoire in the repertoire.In the process of popularizing the literature of workers,peasants and soldiers,the self-awareness of the masses of workers,peasants and soldiers was further confirmed in the "Literature and Art Monthly".Correspondingly,in the process of popularizing literature and art,in addition to the literature of workers,peasants and soldiers,the "Literature and Art Monthly" accompanied the cultivation of the literature of new literary forces such as youth literature and children’s literature with a relatively weak foundation,and in the revelation of the problems of the development of youth literature and children’s literature in New China in the 1950 s,professional writers actively carried out relevant literary guidance in the "Literature and Art Monthly",and the new literary force was also developed in this process.The remaining discussion summarizes the limitations of the Literature and Art Monthly,and finds the relationship between the successive upgrades of the Literature and Art Monthly,Shanghai Literature and Harvest in the past 17 years,and then looks forward to the rediscovery of the literary value of the 17 years brought by the comparative study of the three journals.