From "Self-Consciousness" To Practice

The transformation process of Marx’s philosophy from "self-consciousness" to practice is the process of Marx’s philosophy’s continuous self-denial in logic.In the process of this revolutionary transformation,the practice view of Marx’s philosophy was finally established,thus breaking Hegel’s pre-existing logic.The process of his philosophical revolution embodies the critical nature of dialectics and is the gradual presentation of historical materialism.Starting from the transformation and development process of Marx’s ideological position from "self-consciousness" to practice,this article briefly explains the process of Marx’s philosophical transformation and the great significance of Marx’s philosophical self-revolution.Lenin once summarized and generalized the formation process of Marx’s world outlook,he summarized this process as leaving Hegel to Feuerbach,and surpassing Feuerbach to further move towards historical materialism.If we want to truly understand how Marx realized the philosophical self-revolution,we must comb the development process of Marx’s philosophy.In the process of philosophical thought transformation,Marx formed a scientific philosophy practice view and established a new practical thinking mode.In the process of critical philosophical thinking,Marx gradually discovered the errors and defects of Hegel’s idealistic position of self-consciousness philosophy and Feuerbach’s old materialism,and realized two logical turns of his philosophical thought in the process of criticizing their theories.The first logical turn was based on Marx’s criticism of Hegel’s philosophy,mainly the young Hegelians,and changed from Hegel’s "self-consciousness" position to Feuerbach’s materialist "realistic man" position.Marx criticized from the perspective of solving the practical problems in reality rather than nothing.Marx drew on Feuerbach’s position when criticizing Hegel.However,Marx’s understanding of "man" has serious differences with Feuerbach’s view.Marx’s understanding of man is "realistic man engaged in social and historical activities",while Feuerbach’s understanding of man is "abstract man divorced from certain social and historical relations",which is the fundamental difference between the two views.Therefore,there was a second logical turn.On the basis of Feuerbach’s "perceptual object" man,Marx further proposed "object activity" man,thus completing the transformation of Marx’s philosophy from Feuerbach’s humanistic materialism to historical materialism.In this process,practice has become the primary point of view of Marx and the basic feature of Marx’s philosophy.It has established a new mode of philosophical thinking and principles of philosophical interpretation,so that philosophy is no longer as understood by traditional philosophers,but only as a tool to explain the world.It has realized the transformation of philosophical function from simply explaining the world to changing the world,and resorted to the pursuit of human freedom and liberation.Through criticism,Marx pulled the Archimedean point of philosophy from the "concept kingdom" of concepts and categories back to "the perceptual activity of man of reality" and back to practice.