The Research On Fu In The Period Of Late Han And Early Wei Dynasty

The 48 years from the first year of Zhongping(184)to Cao Zhi’s death(232)was the most special period in the history of literature.For the first time,literati realized the freedom to express their individual emotions in their poems and prose,and literature realized a leap of independence and self-consciousness.The awakening of stylistics made Ci Fu break away from the poetics system and gain the status of freedom of expression.The development of Fu became a literary phenomenon as important as the development of poetry in the late Han and early Wei dynasties.The flourishing of the Fu in the late Han and early Wei periods was,firstly,due to the changes in the pattern of the times and the transformation of Confucianism caused the transformation of scholars’ thinking,which was the external impetus for the development of fugue literature in this period;secondly,along with the development of the Fu itself,the upper class pushed the scholars to pursue the study of "essay",which formed the literary style of Fu in the late Han and early Wei periods;thirdly,the writers became more conscious of Third,writers became more conscious of the literary genre,and became aware of the aesthetic properties of the genre itself,in addition to its inherited political and educational functions.The gradual maturation of fugue criticism on the basis of Fu criticism in the two Han dynasties was also an important reason for the flourishing of fugue literature in this period.In the period of late Han and early Wei Dynasty,the main themes of of Fu can be divided into six major creative genres,such as chanting,love and marriage fugue,lyrical words and aspirations,war fugue,excursion and banquet.In terms of ideological content,the Fu mainly concentrateson the expression of two aspects,namely,the expression of the will and the expression of objects;the Fu on love and marriage concentrates on the expression of admiration for beautiful ladies and pity for unfortunate women;the Fu on lyricism and speech mainly reflects sorrow and bitterness and the feeling of missing one’s relatives and friends;the Fuon the chronicle of conquests reveals the true feelings of the Fu writers and praises Cao Cao’s great achievements;the Fu on excursions and banquets mostly expresses the writer’s mentality of self-indulgence.The Fu works of this period as a whole reflect the dilution of the traditional social function of the Fu and the conscious pursuit of self-expression by the literati.The system of Fu in the late Han and early Wei dynasties has been constantly reformed.From the stylistic point of view,the Fu works of the late Han and early Wei periods are divided into Sao-style Fu,large Fu,small Fu,and Parallel Fu,showing an overall overview of the inheritance and continuous innovation of the Fu works of the Han dynasties.Sao-style Fu still adopts the style of Chu Sao in terms of sentence structure,and its form tends to be shorter from longer to shorter,with richer semantic capacity and expressive content;The few large Fu are represented by Kyoto and palaces,which follow the characteristics of the Han dynasty’s large fu in terms of grand length and magnificent rhetoric.The lyrical small Fu,which describes daily life,writes about sex and emotions,and is short in length,became the mainstream of literary creation at that time,constructing a dual aesthetic mechanism of "love" and "physicality";the parallel Fu combines "lyricism" and "ekphrasis".The fusion of "lyricism" and "ekphrasis",which attached importance to both the truthfulness of the content and the pursuit of the formal beauty of the work,was the beginning of the Sixth Dynasty Fu writers’ conscious pursuit of formal beauty and emphasis on the lyricism of the fugue,such as pairing sentences,rhetoric and vocal rhythm.The artistic features of Fuin the late Han and early Wei dynasties are examined from three perspectives: language,emotion and composition.From three angles of language,emotion and creation.First of all,before the Yexia period,the language of Ci Fu was mainly characterized by "simple and vigorous";after entering the official position,the literati’s living space shifted,and their nervous and tense psychology became calm and soothing,and they began to pay attention to the competition of talents and the release of talents,the characteristics of Fu in language art are mainly elegant and beautiful.Secondly,the life of writers in this period formed a stronger corresponding relationship with society and literature,and generosity and desolation were the general characteristics of the emotion in Ci Fu in the late Han Dynasty and early Wei Dynasty.Finally,Fu in the late Han Dynasty and early Wei Dynasty paid attention to the real life,and the Fu works created by him obviously advocated realism,which was difficult to achieve in the Fu tradition of the Han Dynasty.