The Archetype Of The "New Person" In Russian Literature Of The 50-60s Of The 19th Century

The 50 s and 60 s of the 19 th century were a period of major changes and turning points in the fate of Russia,also known as the era of "Great Change".In Russia in the mid-50 s of the 19 th century,the Russian tsarist autocracy and serfdom had begun to decline,while new industry and commerce gradually developed and expanded,the concept of commodity economy began to become popular,the strength of the citizen class gradually increased,and civilian intellectuals began to enter the historical stage."Newcomer" is a "typical character" created by the writer through artistic imagination according to historical laws and its development trends,with the characteristics of prophecy and idealism.The "newcomers" in Russian literature are civilian intellectuals with utopian socialism.Herzen’s "Whose Crime",Turgenev’s "The Eve",Chernyshevsky’s"What to do? The protagonists in " are typical "newcomer" images.From "Belitov" to"Insharov" to "What to do? A series of typical "newcomers" are literary reflections of the understanding and experience of Russian intellectuals in different eras,and are the epitome of different eras."new person" is also a concrete embodiment of "people’s nature"in literature,expressing the people’s desire and pursuit of a better life,and reflecting the trend of the development of the times.Compared with the previous characters,"newcomers" are generally non-aristocratic "commoner" origins,who have a broad understanding of the whole picture of social life in practice and understand the real needs of the public.They received a good education and Western Enlightenment ideas,and carried out revolution or science in everything in life according to practical needs.They have democratic ideas and a sense of responsibility for transforming society,and take"reasonable egoism" as the principle to actively seek solutions to social problems in real life.They are "doers" who match their words with deeds,building a better society through real labor.The writer uses a variety of artistic techniques to shape the images of the rebellious aristocratic young "Belitov",the exotic "newcomer" Bulgarian warrior Insarov and his great wife Yelena,Vera and Lopukhov,Kirsanov and Rachmetov,in addition to,It also expresses the psychological activities of the characters through a large number of inner monologues and detailed descriptions.The "newcomers" had an important impact on literature and society.At that time,Russian youth imitated the behavior and lifestyle of the characters in the novel,and even Soviet literature and world literature after the October Revolution were influenced by "new person".