A Study On The Aspectuality Of Verb-direction Construction "V+Lai(来)"

The Verb-Direction construction has distinct syntactic features and rich semantic types,which has always been the focus of Chinese research.This paper studies three aspectual problems related to“V+lai（来）”.The article is mainly divided into the following five parts.The first chapter is the introduction.On the basis of introducing and summarizing the previous research,the author puts forward three aspectual problems related to“V+lai（来）”,which are worthy of further discussion:1)the situation characteristics of“V+lai（来）”;2)the durative feature transformation in the process of situation compounding of“V+lai（来）”;3)the difference of aspectuality between“V+lai（来）+O”and“V+O+lai（来）”construction.This chapter also defines the object of study as“V+lai（来）”,which expresses the meaning of displacement,and introduces the theoretical background and corpus.The second chapter examines the characteristics of the situation of“V+lai（来）”.Through the exhaustive investigation of the Dictionary of Chinese Verb Usage,this chapter divides“V+lai（来）”into three different subclasses.First of all,according to the durativity,the“V+lai（来）”can be divided into two categories,one is[+durative]and the other is[-durative]（named object-moving）.Secondly,the“V+lai（来）”which are[+durative]can be divided into two subcategories,one is[+initial point]（named subject-moving）and the other is[-initial point]（named co-moving）,according to the the boundedness.The three types of“V+lai（来）”show a sequence of“subject-moving>co-moving>object-moving”in terms of homogeneity and sub-event fusion degree,which is related to the difference of their situation properties.The third chapter discusses the durative feature transformation in the process of situation compounding of“V+lai（来）”.This chapter puts forward two phenomena in which the situation of the sentence is inconsistent with that of“V+lai（来）”:1)the subject-moving“V+lai（来）”itself has the feature of[+durative],but in the implicit sentence,the feature of[+durative]is transformed into the feature of[-durative],and the sentence cannot be collocated with“zhengzai（正在）”.2)the object-moving“V+lai（来）”itself has the feature of[-durative],but in sentences with plural participants or some special adverbials（“bu ting de（不停地）,bu duan de（不断地）”,etc.）,[-durative]is transformed into[+durative].Sentences can be matched with“zhengzai（正在）”.Through the investigation and analysis of the actual use cases,this chapter holds that the two semantic mechanisms of construction coercion and event repetition are the important reasons for the durative feature transformation in the process of“V+lai（来）”situation compouding.The fourth chapter analyzes the difference of aspectuality between“V+lai（来）+O”and“V+O+lai（来）”.This chapter first makes an exhaustive investigation of 1589 use cases of“V+lai（来）+O”and“V+O+lai（来）”.The results show that there are some differences between the two constructions,such as the tendency of reality/unreality,the concealment of“le 1（了₁）”,and whether they can be used in imperative sentences,which is closely related to the aspectual features of the two constructions.The article first tries to make a unified explanation of these distribution characteristics,and on this basis,it preliminarily summarizes the aspectual appearance differences of the two constructions:“V+lai（来）+O”and“V+O+lai（来）”have both situation aspect differences and viewpoint aspect differences.On the situation aspect,“V+lai（来）+O”expresses a bounded situation,while“V+O+lai（来）”includes two situations expressed by VO and“lai（来）”,in which VO expresses an unbounded situation.On the viewpoint aspect,“V+lai（来）+O”can replace the function of“le 1（了₁）”,but it does not mean that“V+lai（来）+O”itself has a perfective meaning;“V+O+lai（来）”does not have the meaning of viewpoint aspect,nor can it replace the function of viewpoint aspect.The fifth chapter is the conclusion,which summarizes the main conclusions of this paper,but also points out the problems to be further solved.