An Acoustic Study Of Phonetic Features Of Jiangxi Suichuan Dialect

The paper combines dialect field survey and experimental phonetics to describe and study the phonetic system of Suichuan dialect.This paper is divided into seven chapters.The first chapter is an introduction,which introduces the general situation and current researches situation of Suichuan and summarizes the research content,method and process.The second chapter is the study of consonants.According to the classification of pronunciation methods,we select appropriate parameters of plosive,fricative,affricative and nasal for research.By extracting the voice onset time(VOT)and GAP of the stop to study the duration pattern,it is found that the VOT and the dispersion of the aspirated sound of the stop is longer than that of the unaspirated sound;the GAP value is just the opposite.By analyzing the spectral center of gravity and dispersion of fricatives,it is found that the energy of “f” is higher and more dispersed,“s” is the highest and concentrated,and “h” and “(?)” is lower and more dispersed;the law of fricatives is basically the same as that of fricatives and fricatives.And the nasal research aims to analyze the formant and nasality to distinguish and characterize the nasal m,n,η.It is found that the F1 gradually increases with the pronunciation part,m<n<η,and the trend of F2 and F3 is stable,the nasal pitch is around 95.The third chapter is the study of vowels.The study of the vowel sounds explores the distribution through the vowel acoustic pattern diagram;the research of compound vowels through vowel acoustic diagram,vowel motion diagram,formant model diagram and length ratio diagram to discuss the dynamic changes in the process of pronunciation and the influence of vowels on co-articulation.It is found that the pronunciation of compound vowels will be affected by co-articulation,and the tongue position moves to the another vowel in the compound structure.In terms of duration,the tail vowel is dominant,and the loudness is dominated by the rear vowel.In addition,nasal research aims to analyze the nasality to discuss the degree of nasalization of vowels and the evolution of nasal finals.It is found that the nasalization of vowels in nasal syllables is obvious,and the nasal finals are weakened in three different degrees: the finals are retained after the vowels “i”,“y” and “(?)”;the finals are weakened after “a”,“e” and “(?)”;after the central vowel “a”,they are differentiated into two phonemes “an” and “aη”.The (?)N form of nasal syllables is a transition in the evolution of nasal finals to nasalized vowels.The fourth chapter is the study of tone.Calculating the five degrees of Suichuan dialect and making a pitch graph of the tones to show the acoustic characteristics.The tone of Suichuan dialect is yinping52,yangping33,yinshang31,yangshang35,qusheng304,rusheng55.And with the use of pitch curves to study the phenomenon of soft voice in the tone sandhi.The fifth chapter is a special study on zhongzhe tone.The pitch of zhongzhe tone disappeared on the spectrum as an obvious interruption of syllable.Based on acoustic descriptions and perception experiments,the chapter explores the essential characteristics of the zhongzhe tone.By sorting out the nine variants,it is concluded that the common feature is that the pitch is not continuous and tuningtail pitch falls in the mid-high range,and the inference is perceived by perception experiments.The sixth chapter is the research of the tone evolution.The chapter aims to describe the tonal evolution of the Suichuan dialect and to make a detailed comparison with other Gan dialects with the help of the research tool developed by Dr.XIONG Ziyu.We found that Shangsheng of Suichuan dialect was divided into two types but Qusheng was not,while Rusheng still remains,which varies from most dialects in Jicha dialect.Specifically,voiced-initialed Shangsheng was merged with Qusheng and Yangshang rather than Yinping;voiceless-initialed Qusheng was not develop into Yangping but divided into two tones based on whether the initials are aspirated or not,with the aspirated one developed into Rusheng,and the unaspirated one into Qusheng.Rusheng was divided into two parts: the voiceless-initialed Rusheng developed into Rusheng,the voiced-initialed into Qusheng;as for those with sonorant initials,some were developed into voiceless-initialed Rusheng and others into voiced-initialed Rusheng,which is similar in other Gan dialects.Chapter seven is a conclusion.Summarizing the viewpoints and innovations of the paper and pointing out the shortcomings and problems that can be further explored.