Moral Thought In Anti-Duhring And Its Contemporary Enlightenment

Engels’ moral thought is an important part of Marxist ethics.In the book Anti-Duhring,Engels,based on the standpoint of historical materialism,scientifically explained the connotation and attribute of morality,"the morality of real man" and moral principles such as freedom and equality,and constructed a systematic moral thought.On the one hand,it is helpful to explain Marxist morality more systematically and comprehensively,and highlight the theoretical characteristics and value purport of Marxist morality.On the other hand,it is helpful to give full play to the theoretical guiding role of moral thought in the construction of civic morality,examine the moral life of citizens,improve the awareness of civic morality,and stimulate the practice of civic morality.This paper consists of three parts:The first part is the historical background and theoretical origin of moral thoughts in Anti-Duhring.The conception of Anti-Duhring Theory has its complex historical background and rich theoretical origin.In the 19th century,the proletariat lived under the double oppression of the bourgeoisie and the feudal aristocracy,and the contradiction between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat intensified constantly,which was the fundamental reason for the emergence of moral thoughts in Anti-Turin Theory.The prevalence of Durin’s thoughts,which distorted Marxism in the field of morality,was the direct reason for Engels to fight back.Engels criticized and inherited the moral theory in ancient Greek philosophy,German classical philosophy and Utopian socialism,and drew the moral picture of the proletariat scientifically.The second part,the moral thought of Anti-Duhring,including the connotation of morality,the attribute of morality and the basic principle of "real man’s morality".Morality is a special superstructure that regulates individual behavior and social relations in the way of evaluating good and evil,which is based on economic basis and serves the ruling class.It has the fundamental attribute of unity of reality and history,unity of class and common,unity of practicality and ideology.Morality is always class morality,which comes from the social and economic relations in reality and develops with the development of history."Real human morality" is the communist morality,its intrinsic requirement is to realize the equality of real human beings,its value orientation is fundamentally consistent with the goal of communism,to realize the free development of human beings,only to eliminate the class of the communist society,can realize the "real human morality".The third part is the theoretical value and realistic enlightenment of moral thought in Anti-Duhring.The book through the combination of historical materialism and dialectical materialism of the scientific method to interpret the origin of morality,attribute,goals,such as content,dismissed the Turin eternal morality,enriched the Marxism moral values,reveals the Marxist criticism of the old moral concept,the system of the old society and advocating revolutionary new morals,and promote the scientific nature of the people’s liberation.On the one hand,it provides theoretical guidance for criticizing "universal values" and promoting exchanges among civilizations.On the other hand,it has guiding significance for promoting the construction of civic morality in the new era.Enlightenment in the process of civic moral construction,we should grasp the law of moral construction,pay attention to the guidance of theory,adhere to the right direction,innovate in inheritance,open up a new realm of Marxist moral concept,and realize the docking and integration of Marxist basic moral principles and the practice of civic moral construction in the new era.