A Probe Into Peking Ice Skating Reported By Newspapers And Periodicals During The Period Of The Republic Of China

China’s ice skating is originated from the Song Dynasty,with lasting for nearly a thousand years.After the Song Dynasty,there are historical records about the development of skating in all dynasties of China.Moreover,till the period of the Republic of China,China’s ice skating has been carried out more widely and has become a popular mass sport,especially in Peking.However,there are few literatures about studies on skating during the period of the Republic of China.Among them,partial studies are conducted based on a small number of historical records,from which people are difficult to analyze the grand occasion of skating in the period of the Republic of China.With the development and rise of the newspaper industry in the period of the Republic of China,the recording carrier of skating has been changed greatly.Therefore,the literatures recording people’s skating activities in Peking include not only historical books,but also various newspapers and periodicals that have made extensive publicity and reports on skating,which provides an important source of material for this study.This paper summarizes and sorts out important reports of skating in the period of the Republic of China based on the basic materials including newspapers and publication medium,as well as conducting deep research and comprehensive analysis.In addition,through Chinese Historical Newspaper(1872-1949),National Newspaper Index and Chinese Historical Documents,this paper explores and analyzes the contents of skating in Peking reported in periodicals of the period of the Republic of China by methods of literature reviews,content analysis and mathematical statistics.The study found that the skating movement in Peking during the period of the Republic of China was deeply affected by the economic environment,political pattern and the War of Resistance against Japan,and the stage development characteristics were significant.According to the development stage of skating,it can be divided into the initial development stage(1912-1928),flourishing stage(1929-1937)and decline stage(1938-1949).In terms of the content,skating contents in Peking recorded in the newspapers and periodicals of the Republic of China mainly include preparation and opening of the skating rink,skating skills,costume skating,competitive skating,recreational skating,introduction to skating system,etc.All these reports fully present the inclusiveness,diversity and progressiveness of skating in the period of the Republic of China.In conclusion,skating during the period of the Republic of China showed an inclusive Chinese and Western skating culture,and expressed a strong patriotic thought,as well as stimulating the ideological trend of “sports saving the nation”;since women widely participated in the skating,it also led to the emancipation of women’s minds at that time.The study also suggested that the skating in Peking in the period of the Republic of China showed the following features.It promoted the popularization and development of skating with the school development as the guide;it was greatly affected by the current situation with obvious characteristics of stage development;it was mainly for entertainment,and the competitive skating was improved;it promoted social civilization with a wide range of participants.All these characteristics fully present its profound characteristics of the times and internal logic.Besides,since the skating was greatly influenced by the political economy,organizational system,cultural concept and ideology at that time,it promoted the popularization,diversification,popularization and competition of skating to a certain extent,but at the same time,it also inevitably had historical limitations.In addition,skating movement in Peking in the period of the Republic of China has important reference value for the current development of China’s ice and snow movement: to innovate the development of ice and snow movement and build safe and diverse forms of ice and snow movement participation;to focus on the actual needs of the people for ice and snow movement and promote the implementation of ice and snow movement;to put particular emphasis on the culture promotion of ice and snow movement and create an excellent ice and snow cultural atmosphere.