A Study Of Early Mongolian History

The origin of Mongolia’s early history is generally traced back to the Shi-wei Department of the Donghu people,which lived in the Nenjiang River Basin during the Northern Dynasty.However,until the Mongolian created their own characters,we think that the early history of Mongolian was mostly recorded in the form of Chinese documents.Therefore,in other words,before the 13 th century,the history of the Northern tribes,especially the core tribe Shi-wei,which constituted the later Mongolian tribes,can be regarded as the most important part of the pre Mongolian history.In fact,it is more the pre Mongolian history recognized by the people of the Central Plains.As a tribal name,Shi-wei first appeared in history books of North Wei Dynasty.The biography of lost Wei set in the book of Wei pioneered the formal history system to record the history of Shi-wei.Later,Sui Shu,History of the Northern Dynasty,Old and New Tang Histories,which continued the tradition of biography of Shi-Wei.In addition,there are other documents completed at the same time and special records in the historical materials of Liao,Song and Chin Dynasties,which together constitute the basic historical materials for the study of Shi-wei.However,due to the different time of writing the book,the position and purpose of the writer,it is different from images and historical records presented by these historical documents.On the basis of previous studies and contributions,this paper attempts to supplement correct the sources of basic historical materials of Shi-wei.At the same time,taking time as the main line,this paper divides the development history of Shi-wei into three stages,and analyzes the historians’ construction of early Mongolian history on this basis.The first stage is from the Northern Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty.It mainly explores the changes in the historical writing of Shi-wei in the literature records from the Northern Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty from the ethnic origin,customs and tribal development and evolution of Shi-wei,and then analyzes the background and influencing factors of these changes.The second stage is the period from the Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties,that is,the period of rapid development of the Shi-wei tribe and the period of great migration of the Shi-wei tribes.At the same time,the new tribal name "Tatar" appears in relevant historical books.This part focuses on the historical facts of Shi-wei in the documents of Tang Dynasty,and then reveals and discusses the background and reasons of the evolution of Shi-wei tribe,the change of residence,customs and lifestyle in the same stage.The third stage was the Liao,Song and Chin Dynasties.With the rise of Khitan and Jurchen ethnic groups successively becoming the dominant ethnic forces on the Mongolian Plateau,and the strong power of the Mongolian speaking "Zubu" department in Mongolian Plateau,the frequency of tribes with the title of Shi-wei gradually decreased in the history literature records after the tenth century gradually decreased and completely disappeared into the annals of history in the early Chin Dynasty.According to the documentary records,due to the different strength,geographical outlook and influence of the tribes on the ruling dynasty,the cognition of "Shi-wei" by Khitan,Jurchen and the Central Plains Dynasty is different from that of other tribes evolved from the original Shi-wei tribes.Due to the limitation of materials,focuses on the Chinese documents from the fifth to the twelfth century,combs the cognitive differences of the subjects with different positions in different periods from the perspective of the Central Plains Dynasty and the Northern Ethnic Group Dynasty,analyzes the history of Shi-wei presented by the evolution of the various departments of Shi-wei and the writing and construction of the official history of the Central Plains,then interprets Shi-wei changed into Mongolia,and tries to understand what the "Mongolian" ethnic group is from the two dimensions of history and theory.