Research On The Impact Of Urban And Rural Residents' Medical Insurance On Poverty Vulnerabilit

In the context of the continuous deepening of the aging of the population in China,residents’ medical expenses continue to increase.Poverty caused by illness and returning to poverty has become an important constraint factor in consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and achieving common prosperity.The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that "people’s health should be given a strategic priority for development",and health is an important support for achieving common prosperity.Residents suffering from illness not only generate medical expenses,but also reduce work efficiency and labor hours,leading to income losses and trapping families in the "disease poverty" trap.In the post poverty alleviation era,the risk of returning to poverty still exists.Compared to the medical insurance for urban employees,the gap in the benefits provided by the medical insurance for urban and rural residents is large,which means that the inequality in the rights and interests of the national basic medical insurance restricts the realization of the goal of common prosperity.Therefore,it is necessary to explore and establish a long-term mechanism for preventing and resolving poverty caused by illness,to ensure that the results of medical insurance poverty alleviation are more stable and sustainable.Based on theoretical analysis,this article uses the expected poverty vulnerability(VEP)method to measure the probability of future poverty occurrence.Based on panel data from the2016 and 2018 China Household Tracking Survey(CFPS),it uses the Probit model to explore the impact of the medical insurance system for urban and rural residents on poverty vulnerability.At the same time,consumption,health status,savings,and income are introduced as intermediary variables to analyze the impact mechanism of urban and rural residents’ medical insurance on poverty vulnerability from multiple perspectives,and the propensity score matching method(PSM)is used to conduct a robustness test.On this basis,poverty vulnerability is divided into two types: risk type and structural type,and the poverty reduction effects of urban and rural residents’ medical insurance on different types of poverty vulnerability and whether there are differences between urban and rural residents are analyzed.The heterogeneity test is conducted using a multi-classification Logistic model and fixed-effects model,with a view to effectively evaluating the effectiveness of the urban and rural residents’ medical insurance system in preventing poverty return.The research results show that the medical insurance policy for urban and rural residents can significantly reduce the poverty vulnerability of insured households,with better impact on risk based poverty vulnerability,rural poverty vulnerability,and urban poverty vulnerability of high medical demand households,while the impact on structural poverty vulnerability is not significant.In addition,the medical insurance system for urban and rural residents can reduce the vulnerability of family poverty through mechanisms such as promoting non-medical consumption by households,improving residents’ health status,reducing preventive savings,promoting income growth,and narrowing income disparities.In summary,it is proposed to improve the measurement index system for poverty vulnerability,reduce the minimum payment line,and set a scientific cap line to leverage the redistributive effect of medical insurance income for urban and rural residents,comprehensively improve the level of medical and health services in rural areas,increase the coverage of the basic medical security system,and adhere to policy recommendations such as prioritizing education development.