Research On Key Technologies Of Intelligent Multi-channel Water-fertilizer Integrated Equipmen

Efficient water-saving irrigation and fertilization is a significant development direction of agricultural modernization.Water and fertilizer integration equipment is essential to ensure sustainable agricultural development and realize efficient watersaving irrigation and fertilization.Because of the current problems of uneven mixing of water and fertilizer and low accuracy of proportioning in China’s water-fertilizer integration equipment,this paper focuses on the water-fertilizer mixing production process of precision agriculture.It uses theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and experimental methods to design,research,and analyze intelligent multi-channel waterfertilizer integration equipment.The main research works are as follows:(1)Overall scheme design and whole machine structure determination.According to the design principles,functions,and performance requirements of intelligent multichannel water and fertilizer integration equipment,the workflow of the equipment is clarified,and the work scheme design is completed.Divide the overall structure of the equipment,complete the design of the fertilizer suction structure and fertilizer mixing structure to determine the model of the whole machine,and use SolidWorks software to model the model of the entire machine in three dimensions.(2)Numerical simulation of the fertilizer suction and mixing system.The critical components of the whole machine are mainly divided into a multi-channel venturi suction system and a fertilizer mixing system.Firstly,we used 3D software to establish the models separately and used FloEFD software to simulate to get the working characteristics that the suction volume of each channel in the multi-channel venturi suction system is positively correlated with the pressure difference between water and fertilizer inlet and the suction volume data provides a reference for the subsequent test;Fluent software was used to simulate the multi-phase flow of the fertilizer mixing system to determine the initial mixing of water and fertilizer in the venturi,and the mixing again in the fertilizer mixing drum,which can increase the mixing uniformity of water and fertilizer.(3)Design and simulation of fuzzy PID controller based on particle swarm algorithm(PSO)optimization.The water and fertilizer concentration control process model is established,and the simulation model of the control object is established using Matlab.The PSO-Fuzzy PID controller was designed by comparing the control effects of PID and Fuzzy PID.According to the simulation comparison experiments of the three controllers,PSO Fuzzy-PID reduced the overshoot by 21.36% and the adjustment time by 15 s compared with PID;compared with Fuzzy-PID,the overshoot was reduced by 8.05% and 7.5s reduced the adjustment time.The PSO-Fuzzy PID controller improves the problem of weak adaptability to dynamic changes of the controlled system and has better control performance,more vital anti-interference capability,adaptability,and robustness.(4)Prototype development and performance test.According to the structural design of the whole machine and the hardware selection of the prototype,the prototype was assembled and built,and the performance test of the prototype was done.The simulation data matched well with the test data in the maximum fertilizer absorption test.The controller performance comparison test showed that the PSO-Fuzzy PID control system has good adaptability and robustness with slight overshoot and adjustment time in actual fertilization and irrigation and can meet the actual irrigation and fertilization requirements.In the proportioning test between different single elements,the equipment can quickly and effectively realize the dynamic adjustment of the water-fertilizer mixture and the accurate proportioning between other singleelement liquid fertilizers.In the stability test,the sample machine was operated for 5hours,and the amount of fertilizer absorbed by the five channels remained stable.The intelligent multi-channel water-fertilizer integration equipment developed in this paper has a reasonable structure,good water-fertilizer mixing uniformity,and high fertilizer distribution accuracy,which can meet the control performance and accuracy requirements of intelligent irrigation and fertilization in Guizhou agriculture and has broad application prospects.