| China is the top country in pig rearing and pork consumption,because of the large population and limited land resources,the approval of land for pig production is very strict,and the need to continuously improve the pig production per unit land area is very urgent,in this context,in recent years,the building-type pig rearing has become a new model in the industry.In order to study the advantages and disadvantages of building-type pig farming model in terms of output per unit area,feeding process,disease prevention and control and analyze its application prospect,this study adopts various methods such as literature analysis,network research,forum study and exchange,on-site research,expert interview,questionnaire survey,etc.,by reviewing a large amount of scientific and technical literature,interviewing the departments of Huaxi District,Guiyang City,Guizhou Province and Liupanshui City Agricultural and Rural Bureau,large-scale pig farms and pig farming We also conducted a network survey on famous building pig breeding enterprises in China and several counties and cities in Guizhou Province where building pig breeding is carried out,participated in the national building pig breeding forum for two consecutive times,distributed questionnaires to collect relevant data,conducted field research on Guizhou Fuzhuyuan building pig farm and Zhengfeng bungalow pig farm,and investigated the floor space,production process,disease prevention and control,pig breeding material supply management system,pig breeding system and pig breeding system of the two models of building pig breeding and bungalow pig breeding,The comparative analysis was conducted on the floor space,production process,disease prevention and control,pig material supply management system,breeding technology,pig manure collection and treatment,input and output effects,etc.,in order to study the application prospect of the building-type pig farming model in Guizhou Province,and the main research results are as follows:The results of literature analysis,network research,expert interview and forum exchange study show that: most views believe that building pig farming has significant advantages in saving land resources,saving labor costs and realizing farming intelligence.There are also views that the implementation effect of building pig farming model is different in different provinces.There is also a view that at present,the building pig farming model is only an innovative attempt of large pig enterprises,which is still in the experimental stage and will not become an industry windfall in the short term,and the large-scale promotion still faces many difficulties.Combined with the successful practice of two enterprises of Yangxiang and Wenshi to carry out building pig farming,it can provide reference to Guizhou Province and even the whole country for building pig farming: "iron barrel" anti-non-pig mode,which is conducive to biosafety prevention and control,batch production visualization management,which is conducive to discovering and tracing the problems of pig farms,improving efficiency,realizing intelligent pig farming and reducing pig farming cost.However,there are also problems such as land nature is not easy to define,difficult to apply for approval procedures,difficult to reclaim land,high feeding density,high pressure of biosafety prevention and control,high pressure of environmental protection,high cost of preliminary fixed assets investment and lack of uniform standards.2.Field research and empirical analysis were conducted on Pingfang pig farm(4850 sows in stock)in Zhengfeng County and Loufang pig farm(4800 sows in stock)in Xiuwen County of Guizhou Fuzhiyuan.On the one hand,because the production time of the two farms was different and the basic data provided were from different years,the comparability was not strong,so the comparative analysis focused on the technical indicators.On the other hand,it may also be related to the differences in feeding process,management mode and automation degree of the two pig farms.The deformity rate and weaning weight were significantly higher in the building pig farm than in the bungalow pig farm(P < 0.05),and the weaning rate and batch weaning survival rate were significantly lower than in the bungalow pig farm(P < 0.05);the remaining indicators,including the number of healthy litters,stillbirth rate,mummy,newborn weight,average litter size and number of weaned heads,were not significantly different(P > 0.05);compared with the national average,the PSY of the bungalow pig farm and the building pig farm The differences were not significant(P>0.05)and were higher than the national average(23.73).As for the average litter size,13.50 and 13.14 pigs were raised in bungalow and building respectively,the difference between them was not significant(P>0.05),and both were higher than the national average(11.11 pigs).3.According to the analysis results of this research report,building-type pig farming,as an innovative mode of large-scale pig farming,is one of the types of large-scale pig farming,but it is not an inevitable trend,and different provinces and regions should explore and practice according to local and seasonal conditions,and in accordance with the national and local government support policies.Guizhou has a typical karst landscape and is the only province in China without plain support,so land for breeding is very limited,and concentrated contiguous land is especially scarce.In recent years,the level of large-scale pig farming in the province has been improved rapidly,and some places have started to try building-type pig farming.It is suggested that Guizhou province can combine local topography,climate,ecological environment,geological structure and objective demand of social and economic development,and try to promote building pig farming mode in some areas,but it is not suitable for full-scale promotion.Meanwhile,in order to promote the healthy development of building-type pig farming in Guizhou,suggestions are made at the level of industrial policy on pig development planning,land policy,financial support,etc.;at the level of production enterprises,suggestions are made on production process,biosafety,environmental protection,cost control,etc.4.Building-type pig farming is worth exploring as a new model,and the problems related to building-type pig farming need to be solved urgently;scale,intelligence,modernization and integration of the whole industry chain development is a trend of building-type pig farming. |
