The Effect Of Rumination On Negative Emotions In Secondary Vocational Students:The Chain Mediating Role Of Psychological Capital And Forgiveness

In recent years,secondary vocational students face the double test of academic development and employment planning,which is easy to produce negative emotions.Negative emotions will not only damage the physical and mental health of secondary vocational students,but also hinder the development of their social functions.Rumination,as a cognitive negative thinking mode,is a key susceptibility factor to negative emotions,but few studies have revealed the internal mechanism between the two.Therefore,on the basis of previous studies,this study intends to investigate the relationship between rumination and negative emotions,and introduce two variables,psychological capital and forgiveness,to further explore how these two positive forces help secondary vocational students fight negative emotions,and whether there is a chain mediating effect between rumination and negative emotions.To enrich the relevant research on rumination and negative emotions.This study adopts the questionnaire survey method and takes 1048 students from two secondary vocational schools in Huaibei City,Anhui Province as the research object.Participants were tested by Rumination Response Scale(RRS),Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire(PPQ),Heartland Forgiveness Scale(HFS)and Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale Simplified(DASS-21),and the recovered data were analyzed by SPSS26.0 and PROCESS3.5 plug-ins.The research results are as follows:(1)The rumination thinking and negative emotion of secondary vocational students are in the lower middle level,while the psychological capital and forgiveness are in the upper middle level.(2)The rumination thinking of secondary vocational students is significantly different in grade and household registration.The rumination thinking of secondary vocational students in senior one is higher than that in senior two and senior three,and the rumination thinking of rural secondary vocational students is lower than that in towns.There are significant differences in the psychological capital of secondary vocational students in terms of gender and professional category.The psychological capital of male students is higher than that of female students,and that of science and technology students is higher than that of literature and history students.There are significant differences in forgiveness of secondary vocational students in terms of gender,single-parent families and household registration.Forgiveness of male students is higher than that of female students,forgiveness of secondary vocational students in single-parent families is lower than that of non-single-parent families,and forgiveness of rural secondary vocational students is higher than that of urban students.The negative emotions of secondary vocational students vary significantly in single-parent families and household registration.The negative emotions of secondary vocational students in single-parent families are higher than those in non-single-parent families,and the negative emotions of rural secondary vocational students are lower than those in towns.(3)There was a significant correlation between rumination,psychological capital,forgiveness and negative emotions.(4)The psychological capital and forgiveness of secondary vocational students play a partial mediating role between rumination and negative emotion respectively;Psychological capital and forgiveness of secondary vocational students play a chain mediating role between rumination and negative emotions.Conclusions can be drawn from the above results,rumination of secondary vocational students can affect the level of forgiveness by influencing individual psychological capital,and ultimately affect negative emotions.Therefore,in order to help secondary vocational students relieve negative emotions,this study puts forward the following educational suggestions: learn to cope reasonably and reduce the rumination of secondary vocational students;Gather positive force,improve the psychological capital of secondary vocational students;Pay attention to forgiveness education,and cultivate the forgiveness character of secondary vocational students.