A Research On The Human Skeletons In The Graveyard Of The South Campus Of Datong NO.2 Middle School

The cemetery of the South Campus of Datong No.2 Middle School is located on the east side of Hengyuan Road,Yudong,Datong City,bordering Xinggang City in the north and Yulong Ting in the south.It is located within the scope of the tomb area of the Northern Wei Dynasty of Yudong.In 2018,in order to cooperate with the construction of the campus of Datong No.2 Middle School Group,67 tombs were excavated,including 61 tombs in the Northern Wei Dynasty,and a total of 62 individuals were cleared.This article mainly starts with demography,ethnography,anthropometry,and paleopathology,and conducts a systematic study of human bone materials during the Northern Wei Dynasty to understand the physical characteristics,population composition,and health status of the Northern Wei population in the South campus of Datong No.2 Middle School.In demographic research,the methods of forensic anthropology and physical anthropology are mainly used to identify the gender and age of human bone materials unearthed from the cemetery in the south campus of Datong No.2 Middle School,and to compare and analyze them with relevant ancient populations.The gender structure of the residents of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the cemetery of the South Campus of Datong No.2 Middle School is 0.69:1,and the distribution of death ages between men and women is basically consistent.Unlike other control groups,the average lifespan of residents in this group is longer,and it is currently impossible to speculate on the specific reasons for this.In the study of skull morphology,the metric and nonmetric characters of all adult individuals were measured and recorded.According to the basic craniofacial characteristics,the residents of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the cemetery of Datong No.2 Middle School were divided into three groups.Group I and Group II tended to be Asian Mongolian,while Group III was European.In the study of ethnology,the skull measurement data of all adult male individuals were analyzed,and the results showed that the residents of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the cemetery of Datong No.2 Middle School were all heterologous.It was preliminarily determined that this group of people belonged to the Asian Mongolian and East Asian types,and there was a certain relationship between the Northeast Asian types and the North Asian types.In addition,there are 4 individuals with obvious features of European ethnic factors in facial morphology.Based on literature records,it is believed that their identity is likely to be a missionary monk from Central or Western Asia.In the study of body shape,the main measurement items of limb long bones were measured among the residents,and their height and body mass were calculated.The average height of male individuals in this group of residents was 168.61 cm,while the average height of female individuals was 156.21 cm;Among the four individuals with European ethnic characteristics,one male individual had a height of 168.80 cm and three female individuals had an average height of 160.57 cm.The average body mass of male individuals is 68.35 kg,while the average body mass of female individuals is 60.07 kg.In the study of paleopathology,they were diagnosed and differentiated for trauma,infectious diseases,congenital dysplasia,joint diseases,nutritional and metabolic diseases,etc.It was found that the trauma rate of this group of people was low,indicating social stability and harmonious coexistence among residents.