Linguistic Adaptation Under The Urbanization

Mojiang County,the only multi-ethnic autonomous county nationwide with Hani people as the single main inhabitants,has 25 minorities living inside the district.According to statistics,the total population of three minorities Hani,Han,Yi countywide reaches above 10,000.The population of other three minorities Dai,Lahu,Bulang reaches above 1,000 under 10,000.Minorities population accounts for 73 % of the total in Mojiang county,Hani accounts for 61.8 %.Hani language,used as the main language by Hani people in Mojiang county,belongs to the Yi branch of the Tibetan-Burman language group of the Sino-Tibetan language family,neighboring to the branches of Yi,Naxi,Lisu,Lahu.Based on the works of the third panel of the Chinese minority language survey in the 1950s,the Hani language is classified into three dialects: Haya,Bika and Haobai.Hani people in Mojiang County use mostly two dialects of Bika,Haobai.The main field location of this study is Lianzhu Town,the county seat of Mojiang County.With the rapid development of society,this small town in the southwest border is undergoing rapid changes.The local Hani language as a relatively active factor is also facing new adaptation and challenges.From the perspective of language adaptation,this study intends to take the Hani in the county as the research object.Based on the study of the ontology of Hani language,combined with the local survey on the language use and language attitude of the Hani people,this paper analyzes the language evolution and language ability of the local Hani people.From the perspective of language adaptation theory,this paper to explore the multiple factors that affect the adaptation and development of Hani language.The full text is divided into five chapters:The first chapter mainly introduces the research significance and methods employed;reviewing about the research on Hani language and language adaptation theory at home and abroad;finally,brief remarks on the research site and origin documents.The second chapter analyzes the development and changes of phonetics,vocabulary and grammar of Hani language in the process of contact with Chinese through the description of the language structure of Hani.The third chapter handles with the works the field investigation at Lianzhu Town,Mojiang County,making analysis concerning language use,language ability,language attitude,language acquisition,mandarin ability and identity of the Hani people in the county,and summarizing the characteristics and causes of the local Hani language life.The fourth chapter discusses the current situation of Hani language adaptation and multilingual relationship in Lianzhu Town,and puts forward some suggestions on the preservation of native language and the development of language ability of local Hani people in combination with the background of the current urbanization and the sense of community of the Chinese nation.Chapter five summarizes the whole paper,that is to summarize the development characteristics of Hani language ontology and language life in Mojiang County.This study holds that adaptation for ethnic minorities to the current language life in the context of the rapid urbanization,will be a necessary facility for social progress of ethnic minorities and be a consolidation for the consciousness of the Chinese nation community as well.The compatriots in the ethnic areas have both deep feelings for their mother tongue and urgent needs for learning and improving the level of Putonghua.Therefore,the ’ bilingual pattern’,where the ethnic language and the ethnic lingua franca coexist,is the best choice for ethnic minority compatriots to adapt their language ability to the development of the times.