Chinese Education In Primary Schools In Shanxi-gansu-ningxia Border Region(1937-1949)

The education in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region is the beginning of modern education in China,which has written the glorious history of cultural education in China during the Anti Japanese War and the Liberation War.Over the course of more than ten years of development,the primary school Mandarin education in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region has gradually formed its own distinct characteristics,achieving remarkable results in Mandarin courses,textbooks,teaching methods,and other aspects.It is an important milestone in the history of Mandarin development in China,and is worthy of modern education learning and reference.As the "main battlefield" of cultural education in the border region,the construction of primary school Mandarin courses in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region closely follows the requirements of the times,continuously building scientific Mandarin courses that are in line with the guiding ideology,suitable for the current situation of the border region,and supported by the people.Firstly,the primary school Mandarin education in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region establishes curriculum objectives based on practical needs,while emphasizing serving the needs of the Anti Japanese War and cultivating soldiers and builders of the motherland.Secondly,flexible curriculum plans should be developed to ensure the dominant position of Mandarin courses.The border region formulates targeted and practical curriculum plans based on the characteristics of different times.Once again,reform the course content and improve course organization and management.Reasonably arrange teaching content based on the learning situation of border area children and the actual situation of the border area;Adapt to local conditions and explore curriculum resources in multiple ways;Give full play to administrative functions and strengthen macro guidance.The construction of Mandarin textbooks for primary schools in border areas has achieved outstanding results and has distinct characteristics.First of all,the compilation of elementary school Mandarin textbooks in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region has experienced a transformation from "national disaster education" to "production and life education".Elementary school Mandarin textbooks focus on effectiveness and abandon formalism.Secondly,from the perspective of article selection and content arrangement,the compilation of primary school Mandarin textbooks in border areas emphasizes the integration of knowledge education,ideological education,national defense education,current affairs education,humanities education,and labor education.Finally,the Mandarin textbooks for primary schools in border areas focus on knowledge innovation and system improvement.Advocate for new language education,focus on homework practice,focus on cultivating students’ knowledge application ability,emphasize the ability to write and use,and cultivate students’ practical abilities.The teaching of Mandarin in primary schools in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region has created many teaching methods with historical and regional characteristics,mainly including: firstly,"breaking classroom boundaries".Emphasizing the connection between classroom knowledge and practical life,this teaching method is a concrete practice of the principle of combining Marxist theory with practice.Secondly,heuristics.Under the advocacy of Chairman Mao,this teaching method was popularized and promoted,and until now,it is still widely used in Chinese language teaching.Thirdly,combining reading and writing.Emphasize the combination of writing and reading in reading;Establish a comprehensive guidance mechanism for reading and writing.In teaching practice,this teaching method has gradually demonstrated its scientific and practical nature,effectively improving students’ literacy,reading,and writing abilities.The primary school Mandarin education in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region has profound historical significance and practical practical inspiration.Firstly,Mandarin education in primary schools in border areas is the foundation and main battlefield of ideological and cultural education in the border areas,cultivating students’ national consciousness and breaking their ideological shackles;At the same time,the Mandarin education in primary schools in border areas has followed the trend of the times and promoted revolutionary culture.Secondly,primary school Mandarin education in border areas was a "living example" of primary school Mandarin education during the war,In terms of "standardized management,steadily improving educational policies and regulations," "adapting to the times,flexibly changing teaching content," "stimulating vitality,and innovating teaching methods," it is worth learning from for future generations.Once again,primary school Mandarin education in border areas is a "highlight" of modern education practice in China,reflecting the principles of seeking truth from facts and starting from reality in everything.It is worth learning from in modern education in shaping students’ national consciousness,labor education,and other aspects.