Comparative Study Of Conjunctions "Zhiyao" And "Danfan"

In modern Chinese,as conjunction,There are many similarities between "Zhiyao" and "Danfan".At present,the academic research on "Zhiyao" is relatively rich,while the research on "Danfan" is relatively lacking.Therefore,this paper will study them from three aspects : syntax,semantics and pragmatics.This paper is expected to provide reference for ontology research and teaching Chinese as a foreign language.This paper is divided into five chapters,and the main contents of each chapter are as follows:The first chapter is the introduction.First of all,this paper introduces the reasons for the topic selection,introduces the research objects "Zhiyao" and "Danfan",and explains the theoretical and practical significance of the research.Secondly,the relevant research results of "Zhiyao" and "Danfan",were summarized to lay the foundation for future research.Finally,it expounds the research methods and the source of corpus.The second chapter examines the syntactic similarities and differences between "Zhiyao" and "Danfan".Firstly,we compared their co-occurrence of conjunctions or adverbs,they can be paired with conjunctions or adverbs that indicate acceptance,generalization,inference,and frequency,but there are also some subtle differences;Secondly,examine the types of complex sentences that are compatible with "Zhiyao" and "Danfan".Compatible compound sentence types are usually the same.But,there are differences in their associated words;Finally,both the conditional clause and the result clause of the conditional complex sentence guided by "Zhiyao" and "Danfan" can be extended,extension forms are the same.The third chapter compares the semantics of "Zhiyao" and "Danfan".It mainly includes conditional meaning,hypothetical meaning and conditional limit."Zhiyao" can mean sufficient conditions,necessary conditions,and sufficient and necessary conditions,however the expression of necessary conditions and sufficient and necessary conditions need the help of context,and sometimes these conditions are limited."Zhiyao" can express both possible hypothesis and false hypothesis,and "Zhiyao" is often used to represent possible hypotheses and is a hypothesis for the future."Danfan" is often used to express sufficient conditions,while necessary conditions,sufficient and necessary conditions are rarely used.And the condition limit represented is very low,which may be the minimum."Danfan" can represent not only the possible hypothesis,but also the false hypothesis,and the hypothesis is mostly in the past.In addition,the semantic similarities and differences between "Zhiyao" and "Danfan" are described.The fourth chapter mainly investigates the pragmatic similarities and differences between "Zhiyao" and "Danfan" from the aspects of style selection and sentence distribution.In the choice of style,"Zhiyao" and "Danfan" appear more frequently in spoken than in written language.In written language,"Zhiyao" can be used not only for scientific and legal style with strong objectivity,but also for novel style with weak objectivity."Danfan" is often used in novel genres,but it has not been seen in legal and technological genres.In terms of sentence type distribution,both "Zhiyao" and "Danfan" can appear in declarative sentences,exclamatory sentences,and interrogative sentences,but there are fewer use cases where "Zhiyao" appears in interrogative sentences."Zhiyao" can appear in imperative sentences,there are no example of "Danfan" appearing in an imperative sentence.The fifth chapter is the summary of the full text.