Research On Marcuse’s Theory Of Eros Liberation And Its Contemporary Enlightenment

Where will modern civilization go,and how should mankind realize its own free and comprehensive development in the evolution of civilization? This future-oriented torture has always haunted the thoughts of Western Marxists.Marcuse,as one of the representative figures,has always focused on the freedom and happiness of human individuals.Although he,like other western Marxists,paid more attention to the theory of early Marx—especially the theory of alienation,it was precisely this philosophical perspective that gave Marcuse a profound understanding of the problem that capitalist society suppressed human nature while packaging and covering up such oppression with "rationality".The theory of eros liberation is just based on this understanding.Marcuse introduced Freud’s psychoanalytic theory into Marx’s alienation theory and human liberation theory,and proposed that eros is also human nature when seeing it on the subjective level.However,the capitalist society is full of irrational repression of the essence of eros—especially the internalized supplementary repression generated under the control of technological rationality,which leads to the gradual loss of critical and negative nature of people(the key is the proletariat)and the formation of a more dangerous sense of alienation.In other words,there is alienation of subjective consciousness at the same time as the alienation of labor which pointed out by Marx.If we want to overcome alienated labor and realize human liberation,we must overcome the alienated consciousness at the same time and carry out the liberation of eros.Because these two kinds of liberation are the process of people who are in the process of alienation to re-occupy their essence,which only occurs at different levels,and both are indispensable.Even as an effective catalyst to stimulate the proletariat’s criticism and revolution,the emancipation of eros and desire should be prepared to overcome labor alienation with the role of "pre-revolution".On how to realize the liberation of eros,Marcuse gave an aesthetic revolutionary plan.He calls to jump out of the control of technical rationality by rejecting and surpassing all existing systems and concepts,and to build a "new sensibility" that combines sensibility and rationality through aesthetic means.The plan will awaken people’s critical negation of reality and their yearning for a better future.The main idea of eros theory of liberation is just as above.Looking at the current world,we are still in the modernity ruled by the capital logic pointed out by Marx.The labor alienation and the irrational suppression of the subjective level are still rampant,and the theory of liberation of eros and aesthetic revolution still has its practical significance.On the one hand,the craftsman spirit advocated by our country has the connotation of combining labor and aesthetics,which can be used to counter the alienated labor with aesthetic deficiency;On the other hand,Marcuse once proposed to build a united front to criticize capitalism in the aesthetic dimension,which is a feasible way of thinking in the era of heavy and long way to go in the cause of human liberation.