Study On Mao Qiling’s Mao Shi Xie Guan Ji

Mao Qiling was an influential literary figure and scholar in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.His scholarship covered many disciplines,and he wrote extensively,and he was very diligent in the field of scripture.Influenced by the times of his life,the social turmoil of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties,and the hollow and lax style of learning.Mao Qiling consciously took up the banner of changing the style of learning,pursuing the return to the original texts and the collection of actual evidence.The Mao Shi Xie Guan Ji was produced against this background,and thus the independent and objective interpretation of The Book of Songs,which emphasizes both literary interpretation and scripture examination,and dares to question Zhu Xi’s doctrine,is another strong proof.The Mao Shi Xie Guan Ji is an interpretive work by Mao Qiling,which was written in 1671,during his early exile from disaster,under the name of "recorder",but actually expressing his own thoughts;instead of explaining all of The Book of Songs in its entirety,it adopts the form of selection and then commentary;instead of stating the original text,excerpts or chapters,or sections,or sentences,or commentaries.The four volumes,one hundred and eighty-eight articles in total,do not contain the original text,but excerpts from chapters,sections,sentences,or words.Mao Qiling’s study of The Book of Songs emphasizes both the text and the testimony,and his interpretation of The Book of Songs is based on both novel and unique literary testimonial commentary,as well as traditional testimonial commentary on the study of scripture.The book speaks of poetry with "emotion",expounds the poetic purpose,and interprets poetry with "reason",with detailed quotations and many original ideas,which can quite reflect the characteristics of Mao Qiling’s interpretation of the The Book of Songs.The preface expresses the attitude of this book to question Zhu Xi’s doctrine of The Book of Songs,that is,"those who record poetry to have discernment and record it,but those who have discernment,are also Zhu Xi’s doctrine." The purpose of this book is to refute Zhu Xi’s doctrine.This interpretation of the positioning of The Book of Songs is indeed not unrelated to the background of his time,his personal academic aims and the characteristics of his personality,Mao Qiling refuted Zhu Xi’s scholarship and his empirical style is both a product of the trend of the times,but also in turn to promote the transformation of the early Qing academic style.His move broke Zhu Xi’s authoritative position in the field of The Book of Songs,laid the foundation for the return of the study of it to Sinology,and was instrumental in the formation of Qianjia Sinology in the mid-Qing period.This paper takes Mao Qiling and The Mao Shi Xie Guan Ji as the object of study,starts from his own learning,and examines the academic origin of Mao Qiling’s concept in combination with the background of the times.Therefore,the multi-angle interpretation and the unconventional position of The Book of Songs in The Mao Shi Xie Guan Ji are analyzed and examined,and its unique characteristics of the study of The Mao Shi Xie Guan Ji are dialectically summarizedand to examine the reasons for his "refutation of Zhu Xi’s doctrine",its manifestations and its successes and failures.Finally,we place it in the context of the history of The Book of Songs,summarize its unique system of The Book of Songs and the impact of its extensive examination and evidence on the style of empirical evidence in the Qing Dynasty,and strive to give a clear,accurate,fair and objective historical position to The Mao Shi Xie Guan Ji,proving that it started the study of The Book of Songs in the early Qing Dynasty.