A Study On The Political Geography Of Qinba Mountain Area In Tang And Song Dynasties

Between the Guanzhong Plain in the north and the Sichuan Basin in the south are the Qinling Mountains,Daba Mountains,Longmen Mountains,Wudang Mountains and other mountains;Due to geological action and alluvial action of Hanjiang River,Jialing River and other river systems,plains,basins and hills of a certain scale are formed between the mountains,which are collectively called Qinling-Dabashan Mountains.Qinba mountains of Tang and Song dynasties,the natural environment is relatively complex,relatively low level of economic development and regional internal development is not balanced,but because of its in the north and south of land of "convergence",again across many mountains,the situation,it is easy to keep difficult to attack,is very important strategic position and the area in the Tang and Song dynasty played a very important part in the development of history.The rulers of Tang and Song dynasties and the central government had a full understanding of the importance of Qinba mountains,and tried to improve the governance of this area,and the adjustment of administrative division is one of the basic measures to govern this area.From Tang dynasty to Song Dynasty,there were many kinds of high-level political regions in qinba mountain area.Jurisdiction in the Qinba mountains belong to the profit way,and set up several main mansion,then finish make weight because of the war in a unified line was abolished,the restructuring of the manifold as Du Du Fu,at the same time as the supervision Dao boarded the stage of historical development,and gradually the Du Du Fu pattern of Qinba mountains also made certain adjustment,and be incorporated into the South Mountain District in this high-level political area,to Xuanzong’ s era,Shannan West District was born with Qinba mountain area as the core area.From the late Tang dynasty to the Five Dynasties,square towns were established all over the country.In Qinba mountain area,square towns were mainly located in the West District of Shannan,and several square towns also evolved.After entering the Song Dynasty,the central government of the Song Dynasty established a new high-level political district system of double district system.Lizhou District included most of the Qinba mountain area,and was divided and closed in the Southern Song Dynasty during the Peace war.For system county administrative zones,the Tang and Song dynasties geographical pattern of the system of Qinba mountains county administrative zones are relatively stable and after the reform by the early Tang dynasty,the area scale roughly stable system county administrative zones,the full range of rare,big waste,but also has a part time in some small area of targeted small adjustments,And on the basis of the state system derived from the government,military,customs,supervision and other special types of unified county administration.As for the county-level administrative districts,the scale and geographical pattern of the county-level administrative districts set up in the Qinling-Bashan mountains were similar to that of the unified county administrative districts in the region in most of the time,except for the large scale of disuse in the early and late Tang Dynasty and the early and middle Northern Song Dynasty.The development and change of politics,economy,military,nationality and other aspects in Qinba mountain area will directly have an important impact on the change of waste disposal in the county level administrative area because of the foundation of the county level administrative area.At the same time,some special types of county-level administrative districts appeared and developed in Qinba mountain area.In Tang and Song dynasties,the adjustment of administrative division in Qin-Ba mountain area was driven by a variety of factors: because it was located in the key position of transportation,and it was a competitive place by mountain and danger,traffic and military factors were more important in the adjustment of administrative division in Qin-ba mountain area.At the same time,population scale,economic basis and the central political activities,decision-making and other functions on the adjustment of the Qinba Mountain government can not be ignored.Through the study of qinling-Bashan mountain administrative district in Tang and Song dynasties,the characteristics of "mountainous administrative district" in this region can be summarized.In terms of the distribution of political districts,the political districts in Qinba mountain area were concentrated in the low-lying and flat areas during this period.Although there was a tendency to expand into the deep mountains,it could not last long.In terms of administrative structure,there was a distinction between "core and edge" in the various levels of administrative areas and their interior during this period.Mountain valleys and small basins were easy to become the core area of administrative areas,while the rugged and barren vast mountains were basically the edge area of administrative areas.In terms of administrative adjustment,as the edge of the "mainland" Qinba mountains,due to the overall relatively poor natural conditions,the buy scrap rheological more focus on military security and political control in the maintenance area,adjustment of administrative zones of the causes of behavior more influenced by traffic and military factors,but the point is not absolute,Human complex drama,economic resources development,the central political concept and other factors can not be ignored,but in a relatively minor position.