The Effect Of Parent-Child Relationship On Cyberbullying Perpetration,Cyberbullying Victimization And Bystander Behavior:the Moderated Mediation Model

With the development of the Internet,bullying has extended from reality to the network.Adolescents who have experienced cyberbullying are more likely to have psychological problems.Bullies show high levels of stress and anxiety.Victims have psychological problems such as inferiority,anxiety,depression and suicidal ideation.It is worth noting that there are a large number of bystanders in cyberbullying events,in addition to bullies and victims.The different behaviors of bystanders have an important impact on the development direction of cyberbullying events.Exploring the influencing factors of adolescent cyberbullying perpetration,cyberbullying victimization and bystander behavior is of great significance for the prevention and intervention of adolescent cyberbullying.Objective: To explore the effects of parent-child relationship on cyberbullying perpetration,cyberbullying victimization and bystander behavior,as well as the mediating role of social emotional competence and the moderating role of family socioeconomic status.Methods: In study 1,687 adolescents were investigated by the Closeness to Parents Scale,Social Emotional Competence Scale,Cyberbullying Perpetration Scale,Cyberbullying Victimization Scale,Bystander Behavior Questionnaire,and Family Socioeconomic Status Questionnaire.Study 2 investigated231 adolescents ’ parent-child relationship,social emotional competence,cyberbullying perpetration,cyberbullying victimization,bystander behavior and family socioeconomic status at two time points in March 2021(T1)and July 2021(T2).SPSS22.0 and AMOS23.0 were used for data analysis.Results :(1)Parent-child relationship was significantly negatively correlated with cyberbullying perpetration and cyberbullying victimization(p<0.01).(2)Social emotional competence mediated the effect of parent-child relationship on cyberbullying perpetration(β=-0.10,p<0.01).Social emotional competence mediated the effect of parent-child relationship on cyberbullying victimization(β=-0.10,p<0.01).(3)Parentchild relationship was not significantly correlated with the promotion bullying behavior(p>0.05).Parent-child relationship was significantly positively correlated with the defending victim behavior(p<0.01).Parent-child relationship was significantly negatively correlated with the outside behavior(p<0.01).(4)Social emotional competence mediated the effect of parent-child relationship on defending victim behavior(β=0.17,p<0.01).Social emotional competence mediated the effect of parentchild relationship on outside behavior(β=-0.12,p<0.01).(5)Family socioeconomic status moderated the relationship between parent-child relationship and social emotional competence.(6)T2 social emotional competence mediated the effect of T1parent-child relationship on T2 cyberbullying perpetration(β=-0.08,p<0.05).T2 social emotional competence mediated the effect of T1parent-child relationship on T2 cyberbullying victimization(β=-0.11,p<0.05).(7)T2 social emotional competence mediated the effect of T1parent-child relationship on T2 defending victim behavior(β=0.16,p<0.01).T2 social emotional competence mediated the effect of T1 parentchild relationship on T2 outside behavior(β=-0.09,p<0.05).(8)Family socioeconomic status moderated the relationship between T1 parent-child relationship and T2 social emotional competence.Conclusions:(1)The closer the parent-child relationship of adolescents,the lower the frequency of cyberbullying perpetration and cyberbullying victimization.Parentchild relationship affects cyberbullying perpetration and cyberbullying victimization through social emotional competence.(2)The closer the parent-child relationship of adolescents,the higher the tendency of defending victim behavior,and the lower the tendency of outside behavior.Parent-child relationship affects defending victim behavior and outside behavior through social emotional competence.(3)Family socioeconomic status moderated the relationship between parent-child relationship and social emotional competence.The higher the level of family socioeconomic status,the stronger the positive predictive effect of parent-child relationship on social emotional competence.