The Characteristics Of Family Relationships And Its Influence On Grandchildren's Prosocial Behavior Under The Mode Of Intergenerational Rearing

Prosocial behavior is the behavior that individuals voluntarily and consciously benefit others.The formation and cultivation of prosocial behaviors of children and adolescents are of great significance to their social adaptation and physical and mental health development,and play a positive role in the social functions of children and adolescents.Family factors such as the interaction between family members as an important factor influencing prosocial behaviors of children and adolescents have been increasingly discussed by researchers.Influenced by the advancement of urbanization in China and the introduction of the two-child policy,some changes have taken place in the family structure,with parent-raising families taking up half or even most of the total family types.It has become a hot topic among the members of the society to discuss the great-grandparents' participation in the great-grandchildren's upbringing.Therefore,this paper will explore the characteristics of family relations and their interaction with the prosocial behaviors of children and adolescents,so as to provide guidance for the cultivation and development of prosocial behaviors of children and adolescents under the model of parenteral rearing.In this study,we used the scale of prosocial behavior,the questionnaire of relationship between grandparents and grandchildren,the scale of relationship between parents and children,and the scale of relationship between grandparents and grandchildren.By convenient sampling,we selected children and adolescents from Shanxi and Henan provinces for investigation.The survey was conducted under the unified guidance of the trained main test.The total number of questionnaires issued in this survey is1500.Parents fill in the basic information of parents and grandparents,of which 1275 are valid questionnaires,with a recovery rate of 85.0%.Spss20.0 and Amos 17.0 were used for data entry and processing.(1)The characteristics of family relationship under different familypatterns are different.In terms of the relationship between grandparent and grandchild,the relationship between grandparent and grandchild of children and adolescents in three-generation families is significantly higher than that in half-generation families,and the relationship between grandparent and grandchild of children and adolescents in half-generation families is significantly higher than that in completely separated families.In terms of parent-child relationship,the parent-child relationship of children and adolescents in half-spaced and three-generation families is significantly higher than that in completely spaced families,and the parent-child relationship of children and adolescents in half-spaced and three-generation families is not significantly different.In terms of the relationship between grandparents and parents,the relationship between grandparents and parents of children and adolescents in three-generation families is significantly higher than that between half-generation families and families with completely separated generations.(2)The total scores of prosocial behavior of children and adolescents were significantly different in gender,only-child,grade and intergenerational type.Specifically,the prosocial behavior level of female students is significantly higher than that of male students.The prosocial behavior level of the only child is significantly higher than that of the non-only child.The level of prosocial behavior of lower grade and upper grade of primary school is significantly higher than that of junior grade and upper grade of primary school,but the prosocial difference between lower grade and upper grade of primary school is not significant.The total score of prosocial behavior of children and adolescents in families with half separated and three generations living together is significantly higher than that of children and adolescents in families with full separated education,while the total score of prosocial behavior of children and adolescents in families with half separated and three generations living together is not significantly different.(3)There is a significant correlation between the parent-childrelationship,the relationship between parents and grandchildren,the relationship between grandparents and grandchildren,the relationship between grandparents and grandchildren and the relationship between grandparents and grandchildren.(4)The parent-child relationship plays a part of the mediating role in the influence of grandparent relationship on the prosocial behavior.Among them,intermediary effect accounts for 34.62% of the total effect.(5)In the first half of the intermediary path,the relationship of ancestor and father plays a regulatory role,that is,the relationship of ancestor and father plays a regulatory role in the influence of the relationship of ancestor and son on the relationship of parent and son.The mediating model of the relationship between grandparents and grandchildren affecting children's prosocial behavior is established,and it is also established in three generations of same family,completely separated family and half separated family.