Investigation And Analysis Of Site Catchment Of The Late Longshan Site In The Upper Reaches Of Yinghe River

The late Longshan site in the upper reaches of the Yinghe River refers to more than 30 sites in Yuzhou and Dengfeng,roughly 4300-4000 years ago.After nearly a month’s investigation and analysis of the site catchment,a variety of sites with different functions were identified,and the sites catchment of the Wadian and Wangchenggang were restored.According to the analysis results,the two groups of sites are classified into different control modes,and it is believed that they should belong to two independent regimes,and their social development stage is roughly in the stage of complex chiefdom.Combined with the relevant characteristics of the two major site groups,the concept of "valley chiefdom" is proposed.The first chapter mainly introduces the background of the topic selection,the significance of the topic selection,the scope of time and space,the research review,the research ideas and methods,etc.,mainly for the preparation before the investigation.The second chapter is the investigation of each site catchment.The survey of some representative sites catchment were described.The third chapter firstly divides the overlapping area between adjacent sites with the Thiessen polygon as the main reference.Then,according to the geographical location,topography,area scale,and resource distribution of each site,it is divided into four types:plain type,mountain type,subsidiary type and special function type,and the last one can be divided into strategic type,resource type and sacrificial type.On the basis of the above,combined with the excavation materials and multidisciplinary research results of Wadian and Wangchenggang settlements for many years,their sites catchment were analyzed.As a settled agricultural settlement,agricultural planting and livestock captivity have become its main modes of livelihood,and the site catchment is the core development area for half an hour’s walk.Half an hour to an hour is mainly used as a hunting and gathering area,and wildlife resources and feed may come from this area.The fourth section takes salt as an example to explore the long-distance acquisition of strategic resources at Wadian site,and thinks that Jinnan pond salt is the most likely source of salt,and salt is transported by the Yellow River.The fourth chapter is about regional social evolution and the origin of civilization.On the basis of sites catchment analysis,it is concluded that there are two settlement control modes in the late Longshan culture in the upper reaches of the Yinghe River,namely the oval mode represented by the Wadian site group,which is more developmental,open and aggressive,and the triangular mode represented by the Wangchenggang site group,It tends to be safe,defensive,and conservative.Comparing the Western quantitative standards for complex societies,I think the two site groups are both in the stage of complex chiefdoms and have not yet entered the stage of early state.From the perspective of cultural ecology,try to put forward the concept of "valley chiefdom",its main connotation is that the settlement is mainly distributed along the river,the production economy is mainly irrigated agriculture,supplemented by fishing,hunting and gathering,the religious belief is relatively weak,and cultural factors are a bit single,the origin of civilization is more difficult.The fifth chapter is the conclusion,summarizing the article in an all-round way,and looking forward to the application prospect of the method of sites catchment analysis in our country.