Study On The Salt Industry Charitable Granary Of Lianghuai In Qing Dynasty

The Salt Industry Charitable Granary was a type of storage unique to the Qing Dynasty that was donated by salt merchants and had the characteristics of a compassionate salt.In this paper,taking the Salt Industry Charitable Granary in Lianghuai of the Qing Dynasty as the object,the changes,reasons for its establishment and specific operation are examined.Through research,the author found that the Salt Industry Charitable Granary of the Qing Dynasty was gradually developed from the salt warehouse of the Ming Dynasty,the salt farm reserve warehouse,the relief warehouse,and the early Qing Dynasty Hedong transport storage warehouse.It was mainly set up in the salt area and extended to the sale of salt.Since its establishment,the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary has evolved in the Qing Dynasty into three main stages:development,perfection and decline.By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People’s Republic of China,the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary mainly moved to other uses and gradually withdrew from the historical stage.The reasons for the establishment of the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary can be analyzed from two perspectives,namely,the donation by salt merchants and the granting of the name by Emperor Yongzheng.Further investigation can be found,the salt merchants donated to build a warehouse is under the background of"consumption to the imperial court",testing whether the court will continue to accept the bad rules,and the granting of the Salt Industry Charitable Granary proves the hesitation of the Yongzheng Emperor.As for the management regulations of the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary,on the one hand,the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary follows the relevant regulations of the Changping warehouses and have the commonality of warehousing in the Qing Dynasty;on the other hand,they have the speciality of "government supervision and commercial management"due to the "donation by salt merchants".From the perspective of relief objects,the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary mainly provides relief to salt households and people households.On the one hand,the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary has "compassionate salt characteristics" and provides stable relief food for salt households,and its establishment marked the beginning of institutionalization of relief for salt households in the Qing Dynasty.On the other hand,as time goes by,the boundaries of the salt and people in the relief of the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary are gradually reduced,and the relief of the people’s food is mainly sold at a reduced price,and the scope of the people’s food relief is also expanded or reduced with the rise and fall of the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary.The purchase of the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary was mainly divided into three ways:civil levy,governmental action and public donations from salt merchants.Public donations from salt merchants to buy subsidies,so that the Lianghuai Salt Industry Charitable Granary become the court’s tool for using salt merchants to provide relief,as well as a supplement to local relief.