A Comparative Study Of Eye Diseases And Ear Diseases In The Bamboo Slips And Silk Documents And The Handed Down Medical Books Before Han Dynasty

Objective: From the perspective of disease,this paper will take the eye disease and ear disease as the research object,based on the bamboo slips and silk documents,comprehensively and systematically compare the similarities and differences of the symptoms,etiology,pathogenesis,treatment and prognosis of the eye disease and ear disease between the unearthed bamboo slips and silk documents and the handed down medical books before Han Dynasty,clarify the meaning and characteristics of the disease of the same name in the Bamboo slips and silk documents and the handed down medical books,and analyze the academic relationship between them,and further explore the development and inheritance of eye diseases and ear diseases in the pre Qin and Han Dynasties and the influencing factors behind them,so as to help the in-depth study of unearthed bamboo slips and silk documents,deepen the understanding of eye diseases and ear diseases in the medical books of the Qin and Han Dynasties,such as Huangdi Neijing,and at the same time,we can have a glimpse of the development of the Department of facial features in the Qin and Han Dynasties from the understanding of eye diseases and ear diseases,to provide information and explanation for perfecting the disease history of Qin and Han Dynasties.Method: In this paper,the eye diseases and ear diseases in bamboo slips and silk documents are compared,and the similarities and differences of eye diseases and ear diseases in bamboo slips and silk documents and those handed down before the Han Dynasty are analyzed,including the eye diseases and ear diseases in bamboo slips and silk documents and those handed down before the Han Dynasty,as well as the eye diseases and ear diseases only seen in bamboo slips and silk articles in the appendix Finally,this paper discusses the cognition,inheritance and development of eye disease and ear disease in Qin and Han Dynasties.In addition to the handed down medical books,the handed down non-medical literature also contains a lot of homonymous eye diseases and ear diseases,which can be used as auxiliary materials for this study.In addition,the medical books handed down in the Wei,Jin,Sui and Tang Dynasties inherited the academic thoughts before the Han Dynasty,so it is also used as a reference in the specific analysis.Results: There are 8 kinds of eye diseases in bamboo slips and silk documents and those handed down before the Han Dynasty,which are "Eye Pain"," External Canthus Pain ","Immersion" and "Pulse Immersion","Blindness","Eye Yellow","Eye like Detachment","Eye Qiong" and "Strabismus ";there are 3 kinds of ear diseases in bamboo slips and silk documents and those handed down before the Han Dynasty,which are "Deafness","Earache" and "Carbuncle Ear";It also studies the ear diseases "Nan" and "Mu duo Qi" only seen in bamboo slips and silk documents,and the ear diseases "Jiao" and "Er Qiang" only seen in bamboo slips and silk documents.Among them,"Eye Pain","Blindness" and "Deafness" are the most common.The specific location of eye diseases in bamboo slips and silk documents has been detailed,and the involved meridians are mostly foot Taiyang and hand foot Shaoyang.On the whole,the etiology of the disease is mostly caused by the invasion of exogenous pathogens,and the total pathogenesis is blockage.In the treatment of eye diseases,bamboo slips and silk documents attaches great importance to the treatment of Daoyin formula and prescription,and slightly moxibustion.Eye diseases in the literature handed down before the Han Dynasty involve a wider range of meridians with different emphases.Most of them are foot three yang meridians,especially foot Shaoyang and Foot Yangming meridians,and also involve hand yin meridians and branches.The discussion on the etiology and pathogenesis of eye disease is very comprehensive,which can be divided into two ends of deficiency and excess,but it is more caused by the deficiency of origin;in addition,for the excess of evil,it is also supplemented by many aspects,such as gallbladder fire,liver fire,damp heat and so on.In terms of treatment,acupuncture was emphasized after differentiation,only the drugs that can treat some eye diseases were recorded,and the contents of usage and compatibility were not involved.The ear diseases in bamboo slips and silk documents are mostly related to the hand Shaoyang meridians.The etiology of the disease is mostly external evil,mainly wind heat evil,and the pathogenesis is mostly Qi and blood stagnation,and the essence of kidney deficiency is the most common ear disease in bamboo slips and silk documents.In the treatment of ear diseases,bamboo slips and silk documents also attaches importance to clinical treatment.The literature handed down before the Han Dynasty emphasized the relationship between ear diseases and the Shaoyang and Jueyin veins of hands and feet,as well as the importance of collateral circulation to the ear.The literature handed down before Han Dynasty emphasized that ear diseases were mostly caused by deficiency of Qi,essence and body fluid,as well as external pathogenic factors,but the emphasis on heat pathogenic factors was different from that on wind pathogenic factors in bamboo slips and silk documents.In terms of treatment,acupuncture was emphasized and acupuncture was forbidden.On the whole,the understanding of eye diseases and ear diseases in Qin and Han Dynasties was quite mature.The nomenclature of eye disease and ear disease reflected the mainstream way of nomenclature at that time.As for the location of the disease,it has been divided into narrow sense and broad sense.It emphasizes the relationship between eye and ear disease and Yang pulse,especially hand and foot Shaoyang pulse,which is related to the circulation of Yang pulse in the head.From the perspective of etiology and pathogenesis,the Qin and Han Dynasties recognized that wind,heat,fire,dryness,dampness and other exogenous factors could cause eye and ear diseases,but emphasized the pathological changes caused by the invasion of exogenous wind and heat,and realized that eye and ear diseases had both sides of deficiency and excess,especially the kidney deficiency.Qin and Han dynasties had rich experience in the treatment of eye and ear diseases.There were many kinds of treatment methods.They attached great importance to the records of medical methods.Acupuncture techniques emphasized the theory of forbidding acupuncture.The treatment of prescription and medicine reflected the law of compatibility.The dosage of medicine was exquisite,and the preparation and storage of medicine were very strict.It can be seen that the medical level at that time was advanced.Conclusion:(1)There are some differences in the understanding of ear diseases and eye diseases between bamboo slips and silk documents and those handed down before the Han Dynasty.The reasons are related to academic development and book categories.The bamboo slips and silk medical books focus on the clinical prescriptions and guiding treatment of ear and eye diseases.The literature handed down before Han Dynasty focuses on the etiology,pathogenesis and acupuncture treatment of ear and eye diseases.(2)There is an inheritance relationship between the bamboo slips and silk documents and the documents handed down before the Han Dynasty.We can see that the theories in the documents handed down before the Han Dynasty coincide with the ideas embodied in the clinical practice of the bamboo slips and silk documents,and the handed down documents are more mature and perfect.(3)From the aspects of nomenclature,location,etiology,pathogenesis,treatment and prognosis,the recognition of ear and eye diseases in Qin and Han Dynasties has reached a certain level.Based on this,it is reasonable to speculate that there was a certain understanding of five sense organs diseases at that time.Part of the theory and treatment also has guiding significance for today’s clinic.