Research On "Jia" In The Bamboo Slips And Silk Documents And The Handed Down Medical Books Before Han Dynasty

Objective: From the angle of disease,this article will compare the similarities and differences of "Jia" between the Bamboo slips and silk documents and the handed down medical books before Han Dynasty.Clarify the definitions and characteristics of "Jia" in the Bamboo slips and silk documents and the handed down medical books,as well as the inheritance and development of their meanings in different eras.And further explore the development process of the understanding of "Jia" in the Qin and Han dynasties,and the influencing factors behind it.Method: In this paper,the "Jia" in the Bamboo slips and silk documents is the subject of comparison,and the similarities and differences of "Jia" between the Bamboo slips and silk documents and the handed down medical books are analyzed.Then separately analyze the individually documented "Jia" diseases in the Bamboo slips and silk documents and the handed down medical books,in order to summarize their respective characteristics,differences and connections.Compare the similar symptoms in the handed down medical books with the "Jia" in the Bamboo slips and silk documents.In addition to handed down medical books,the handed down non-medical literature also contains a lot of content related to "Jia" as an important auxiliary material for research.Also,the handed down medical books of the Wei,Jin,Sui and Tang Dynasties inherited a lot of academic thoughts before Han,so it was used as a reference in the specific analysis of the disease.Results: A total of 5 places in the Bamboo slips and silk documents and 6 places in the handed down medical literature which record the common name of "Jia" were compared.There are five kinds of sub-categories of "Jia",which are recorded in both the Bamboo slips and silk documents and the handed down medical books.They are "Tang Jia","Blood Jia","Qi Jia","Water Jia",and "Snake Jia".There are 15 subtypes of "Jia" found in the Bamboo slips and silk documents,some of which can be found in similar medical records but not with the same name.On the other hand,there are 9 sub-categories of "Jia" found in the handed down medical books,with deferent names from the Bamboo slips and silk documents,among which "Shan Jia" and "Zheng Jia" are the most common.The disease of "Jia" in the Bamboo slips and silk documents is located in the chest and abdomen.Symptoms include pain,abdominal distension or skin distension,abnormal urination and defecation,and signs related to animals are found in many "Jia" diseases.There are few descriptions of etiology and pathogenesis in the Bamboo slips and silk documents,and the etiology is related to "Chong" and stealth.The pathogenesis of some "Jia" diseases is accumulation,which takes the form of visible agglomeration,agglomeration of qi,blood,water and unknown pathogens.In the pathogenesis process of accumulation,it also shows the characteristics of qi inversion.There are less descriptions of symptoms and more descriptions of pathogenesis in the handed down medical books.In the description of symptoms,abdominal symptoms are the most common,specifically involving abdominal pain,abdominal heat,abdominal pain without definite location,indeterminate lumps,abdominal distension like pregnant,etc.,as well as abnormal urination and defecation.Etiology involves: wind-cold invasion,excessive Yun Qi,infection with parasites,improper diet,diseases of meridians,chronic diseases,etc.Pathogenesis involves: qi and blood are affected by cold,greater yang(GB-01)is affected by cold,large intestine is heated from small intestine,spleen transportation disorder,yin and yang qi cannot pass through each other,water is unbridled as the result of wood restricting earth.old blood is accumulated,etc.Pathogenesis includes cold and heat,and embodies the concept of yin and yang,qi and blood,viscera differentiation.There are differences in disease location,etiology and pathogenesis of "Jia" between the Bamboo slips and silk documents and the handed down medical books before Han Dynasty.In the Bamboo slips and silk documents,"Jia " is distributed from the heart to the abdomen,i.e.the whole torso of the human body."Jia" in the medical books handed down is mainly distributed in the abdomen,and "Jia" in the heart and chest is rare.The common features of the symptoms are abdominal pain,abdominal distension,abdominal heat,abnormal urination and defecation,etc.The difference is that there are few excessive gas symptoms in the handed down medical books,and few animal characteristics are used as rhetoric.Conclusion: Both the bamboo and silk documents and the documents handed down from ancient times before the Han Dynasty involved "Chong" in understanding the etiology of the disease.The difference is that the sneaky factors of the disease in the handed down medical books are not obvious.The handed down literature also recognize the causes of exogenous cold,excessive Yun Qi,chronic diseases,diet,and sex,and so on,and have a richer understanding of the etiology.In terms of pathogenesis,both bamboo and silk literature and the handed down medical books recognize the characteristics of accumulation and qi inversion during the disease process.The difference is that the handed down medical books involve the pathogenesis interpretation of cold and heat,yin and yang,meridians,viscera and other aspects.The ancients' understanding of "Jia" is embodied in two aspects: "Chong(including insects,worms and other animals)" and " something sojourns in the body".The ancients of the Bamboo slips and silk documents realized that some "Jia" were related to "Chong"."Chong" in the Internal Canon made it clear that "Chong" were real and tangible.In the medical books of the late Han,Sui and Tang dynasties,the ancients were good at associating the visible lump in the abdomen with animals,and speculated that the cause of the disease was also related to animals."Chong" here is not necessarily true,and it is mixed with some fairy thoughts from religion and novels.The original meaning of "Jia" is " something sojourns in the body ".The pathogenesis is that pathogens in the body persist for a long time and gradually accumulate.Judging from the Bamboo slips and silk documents and the early handed down medical books,many "Jia" diseases involve the description of accumulated pathological products such as qi,water,blood,lumps,dry excrement and parasites in the chest and abdomen.Because there is accumulation in the abdomen,it can cause abdominal pain,abdominal distension,abdominal distension,diarrhea,vomiting,salivary pus and blood,etc."Jia" is also a chronic disease due to the weakness of healthy qi in the process of accumulation.At the same time,women's diseases accounted for a large proportion of "Jia" in the late Han,Sui and Tang dynasties,so "Jia" also has the meaning of women's diseases.