| Objectives:1.To understand the status of depression,anxiety and quality of life of geriatric depression caregivers,and to explore the influencing factors of depression,anxiety and quality of life of geriatric depression caregivers and care experience.2.To provide policy basis for caregivers of geriatric depression to construct effective coping methods and lay a foundation for follow-up research.Methods:1.Adopt mixed research methods,that is,combine quantitative research with qualitative research.2.Research object: The quantitative study adopted the method of convenient sampling,and selected the geriatric depression caregivers who were admitted to a Grade-A mental health hospital in Yunnan Province from September 1,2021 to December 31,2021 and the caregivers who were diagnosed with geriatric depression in the outpatient department as the research objects.A total of 454 caregivers were surveyed with 395 effective questionnaires.On the basis of quantitative study,objective sampling method was adopted to select research objects in accordance with the natrol standard,and a total of 10 caregivers were studied qualitatively3.Survey methods3.1 Quantitative research: questionnaire survey was conducted.It consists of four parts: general information questionnaire,Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and health status Questionnaire(SF-36).3.2 Qualitative research: According to the purpose of the study,an interview outline was constructed on the basis of the preliminary experiment,and semi-structured interviews were conducted mainly on the understanding of the disease knowledge of the caregivers,their feelings,their most worried things,their feelings on the support system,the motivation to take care of the patients,and the utilization of mental health resources.4.Statistical analysis4.1 Quantitative study: Statistical software SPSS26.0 was used for data analysis.This study focuses on the level of anxiety,depression,quality of life and related influencing factors of the population represented by the object group.The frequency analysis method was adopted to understand the characteristic distribution of the research object group,and the overall level of anxiety,depression and life quality of the sample group was understood through descriptive statistics.The mean level reflects the situation of each measurement factor.The independent sample t test,univariate analysis and Chi-square test were used to analyze the difference.The t value,F value,χ2 value and significance p value were used to determine the difference.The 95% statistical confidence test level was used as the standard,and the p<0.05 of each test result reached the significant level.Finally,Pearson correlation analysis was used to study the correlation between anxiety and depression and quality of life.The P-value at the 95% confidence interval level was used to determine whether the results were correlated.The correlation degree of each variable was understood according to the correlation coefficient r.Regression analysis was used to further explore the effects of related variables on depression,anxiety and quality of life.4.2 Qualitative research: The one-to-half structured interview was conducted,and the data were analyzed and processed by the Colaizzi 7-step method.Results:1 Quantitative study1.1 Overall situation of the sample A total of 454 caregivers were surveyed in this study,with 395 valid questionnaires.Through statistical analysis,the mean score of anxiety was 36.9±8.6,the mean score of depression was 41.26±12.8,the positive rate of depression was 22%,the positive rate of anxiety was 9%,the mean score of physical health was 69.44±18.95,and the mean score of mental health was 52.62±21.59.1.2 Analysis Results Difference analysis showed that: There were no differences in the four dimensions of anxiety,depression,physical health and mental health of caregivers in terms of gender and convenience of access to drugs(P>0.05).There were significant differences in age,education,occupation,income and severity of illness in terms of depression(P <0.05).There were significant differences in physical health and mental health in different levels of relationship with patients(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the relationship between anxiety and patients(P>0.05),depression and physical health were significantly different in the level of hospitalization times(P<0.05),depression,physical health and mental health were significantly different in the level of assistance(P<0.05).Multiple analyses showed that caregivers’ anxiety,depression,physical and mental health were significantly different from caregivers’ age,education,occupation,relationship,income level,presence of assistance,patient hospitalization,and severity of illness.Correlation analysis showed that anxiety and depression were significantly correlated with each measurement dimension of quality of life.Regression analysis showed that caregiver age and income had significant effects on depression(P<0.05).Age and illness had significant influence on anxiety(P<0.05).Caregiver age had significant effect on physical health dimension(P<0.05).All variables had no significant effect on mental health(P>0.05).The age of the caregiver,occupation,assisted or not,and the patient’s condition had significant effects(P<0.05).2 Qualitative study A total of 10 caregivers of senile depression were interviewed,and six themes were extracted according to phenomenological research methods,namely,lack of knowledge of caregivers,mainly reflected in three aspects: knowledge of diseases,knowledge of drugs,and knowledge of care.The burden of care is heavy,which is mainly reflected in psychological burden and economic burden.Limited access to medicines;The motivation source of caregivers mainly comes from three aspects: the support of family members to caregivers,the emotional basis between caregivers and patients,and the sense of accomplishment brought by patients’ recovery.In terms of support system,hospitals are considered the most helpful value,and the Internet is considered the most convenient;Mental health resources are underutilized.Conclusion1.The depression level of elderly depressed caregivers is significantly higher than the anxiety level,and the quality of life is relatively low.It is necessary to prevent the occurrence of "taking care of depressed patients and turning them into depressed patients".2.At the national level,more attention should be paid to anxiety,depression and quality of life among caregivers,as well as to patients.3.Hospitals should establish development concepts combining online,offline and logistics to meet the needs of different groups.At the same time,the teaching platform,Internet platform and other channels are fully utilized to strengthen the extensive publicity of mental illness knowledge,drug knowledge and patient safety management knowledge,so as to improve the care quality of caregivers.4.Community workers should focus on the elderly,low income,farmers,unemployed people and the caregiver groups of husband and wife relationship,develop personalized services for this group,and build a good support system for caregivers in an all-round way,which is conducive to improving their depression and anxiety,and improve their quality of life. |
