Preliminary Study On The Changes Of Vascular Density Of Optic Disc And Macular In Patients With Ocular Hypertension By Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Objective: Use optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)to evaluate the vessel density status of optic disc and macular in patients with ocular hypertension.Compare the difference between the ocular hypertension and the normal population,a nd explore the role of OCTA in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with ocular hypertension.Evaluation of optic disc and macular microcirculation status in ocular hypertension patients with different intraocular pressure by OCTA to preliminatively explore clinical intervention indicators of ocular hypertension.Methods: Cross-sectional study.A total of 30 patients(60 eyes)with ocular hypertension diagnosed in Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from August 2021 to November 2022.According to biometric intraocular pressure(b IOP),patients with ocular hypertension were divided into 15 patients(30 eyes)in group A(21mm Hg<b IOP≤25mm Hg)and 15 patients(30 eyes)in group B(25mm Hg <b IOP ≤30mm Hg),15 healthy volunteers(30 eyes)were included as the health group during the same period.OCTA was applied to scan the 4.5mm*4.5mm area of optic disc and 6mm*6mm area of macula lutea of the above-mentioned subjects.The blood vessel density of optic disc,superfical macula and deep macular was generated by the system’s own quantization software(both represented by percentage),and the differences of various eye blood vessel density among the three groups were compared.Result:(1)The blood vessel density in the optic disc,superficial macular and deep macular area of the subjects in ocular hypertension A group were lower than those in healthy group.The differences were statistically significant in the areas of the deep macular Parafovea,the deep macular Perifovea,the superficial macular,the Peripapillary and the Inside Disc.(all P<0.05).(2)The blood vessel density in the optic disc,superficial macular and deep macular area of the subjects in ocular hypertension B group were lower than those in healthy group.The differences were statistically significant in the areas of the deep macular Parafovea,the deep macular Perifovea,the superficial macular,the Peripapillary and the Inside Disc.(all P<0.05).(3)The blood vessel density in the optic disc,superficial macular and deep macular area of the subjects in ocular hypertension B group were lower than those in A group.There were statistically significant differences in superficial macular Fovea and the Inside Disc.(all P<0.05).Conclusion:(1)Compared with normal people,the vascular density of optic disc and macular in patients with ocular hypertension was significantly reduced,and the microcirculation of optic disc and macular was damaged.(2)With the increase of intraocular pressure,the damage of optic disc and macular microcirculation in ocular hypertension gradually aggravates.(3)Ocular hypertension cases with b IOP>21mm Hg should undergo clinical intervention.(4)Optical coherence tomography angiography can be applied to the clinical diagnosis,treatment and follow-up of ocular hypertension.