To Explore The Effect Of Low-carbohydrate Dietary Intervention On Overweight And Obese People Based On Intestinal Flora

Objective:To observe the weight loss effect of low-carbohydrate dietary intervention on overweight and obese people,and to explore the potential impact of low-carbohydrate dietary intervention on the intestinal flora of overweight and obese people,in order to provide a theoretical basis for finding a new therapeutic target for the prevention and control of weight gain in overweight and obese people.Methods:Overweight and obese people who voluntarily participated in dietary intervention to lose weight were recruited,baseline surveys were conducted,weight and other indicators such as before and after the low-carbohydrate dietary intervention were collected,stool samples were collected before and after the intervention,and high-throughput sequencing of intestinal flora was performed.To observe the weight loss effect of the participants after the low-carbohydrate diet intervention,and the changes in the intestinal microbiota of overweight and obese people during the weight loss process of the low-carbohydrate diet intervention.Results:(1)After the low-carbohydrate diet intervention,the physical measurement indicators such as body weight and body mass index of the study subjects were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the obesity measurement indicators such as body fat content,body fat percentage,and visceral fat area decreased significantly(P<0.05).(2)The results of Beta diversity analysis showed that the distribution of intestinal flora of the study subjects before and after the low-carbohydrate diet intervention changed significantly(P<0.05).(3)The results of the differential analysis at the phylum showed that after the lowcarbohydrate diet intervention,the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota was significantly reduced(P<0.05)and the abundance of Bacteroidota(P<0.05).(4)The results of the analysis of family level differences showed that after the low-carbohydrate dietary intervention,the abundance of Bacteroidaceae and Tannerellaceae increased significantly(P<0.05)and the abundance of Lachnospiraceae decreased significantly(P<0.05).(5)The results of the analysis of genus level differences showed that after the low-carbohydrate diet intervention,the abundance of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides increased significantly(P<0.05),and the abundance of Agathobacter decreased significantly(P<0.05).(6)The results of LEfSe analysis showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroides,Tannerellaceae,Parabacteroides,Parabacteroides_distasonis and Incertae_Sedis in the intestinal flora of the study subjects after the low-carbohydrate diet intervention was higher(LDA>4).(7)The results of random forest analysis showed that Parabacteroides,Incertae_Sedis,Agathobacter,and Bifidobacterium were key species.(8)Correlation analysis of intestinal flora and body weight showed that body weight(r2=0.20,P<0.05),BMI(r2=0.17,P<0.05),triglycerides(r2=0.15,P<0.05)and body fat content(r2=0.13,P<0.05)were significantly correlated with the species composition of intestinal flora.(9)The results of functional gene prediction analysis showed that the metabolism pathway was significantly upregulated after lowcarbohydrate diet intervention.Conclusion:Low-carbohydrate dietary interventions are effective in weight loss in overweight and obese people;It can regulate the overall structure of intestinal flora in overweight and obese people;It has a promoting effect on the dynamic balance of intestinal flora,can change the types and composition of microorganisms in the intestine to a certain extent,and regulate the body’s metabolic pathway;Some key bacteria may be targets for low-carbohydrate diets involved in weight loss and improved metabolism through the gut flora.