Early Clinical Outcomes Of Mako Robot-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty

Objective: To study the early clinical efficacy of Mako robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Methods: The clinical data of 54 patients(67 knees)who received Mako robot-assisted artificial TKA in our hospital from June 2021 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed,and compared with 122 patients(161 knees)who received conventional TKA in our hospital during the same period.There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,age,BMI,ASA classification,surgical side,and preoperative American Knee Society(AKS)knee score and functional score(P > 0.05).Intraoperative blood loss,operative time,and surgical complications were recorded and compared between the two groups;the range of motion(ROM),AKS score,visual analogue score of pain(VAS),and joint forgetting score(FJS-12)were used to assess the pain and function of the knee joint;postoperative full-length lower limb and frontal and lateral x-rays of the knee were taken to measure hip-knee-ankle angle(HKA),frontal femoral component(FFC),frontal tibia component(FTC),lateral femoral component(LFC)and lateral tibia component(LTC)to assess the postoperative lower limb force lines and prosthesis position.Results: The operative time was prolonged in the robotic group compared with the conventional group(P<0.001),but intraoperative blood loss was lower than in the conventional group(P=0.010).Patients in both groups were followed up for 13 to 20 months,with an average of 16.5 months.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the conventional and robotic groups(20.5% vs.24.1%)(X~2=0.284,P=0.594).The differences between the two groups’ knee ROM,AKS knee scores,and functional scores at the final follow-up improved compared to those before surgery and were statistically significant(P<0.01);however,the differences between the two groups’ knee ROM,AKS knee scores,and functional scores before and after surgery were not statistically significant(P > 0.05);the differences in knee ROM,AKS knee scores and functional scores between the robotic group and the conventional group were not statistically significant.There was no statistically significant difference between the ROM and AKS knee scores and functional scores in the robotic group and the conventional group(P>0.05).At the last follow-up,there was no statistically significant difference between the VAS scores of the robotic group and the conventional group(P > 0.05);there was no statistically significant difference between the FJS-12 scores of the robotic group and the conventional group(P>0.05).The postoperative HKA,FTC,FFC,LFC and LTC in the robotic group were all better than those in the traditional group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion: Mako robotic-assisted TKA improves the safety and precision of knee prosthesis implantation compared with traditional TKA,and has a certain learning curve.Mako robotic-assisted TKA is less traumatic to the soft tissues of the knee joint and can be an important way to accelerate rehabilitation,which has good prospects for application.Its long-term clinical efficacy needs to be further clarified.