| Objective:To investigate the health status of elderly residents in a street in Wuhan,through the analysis of the frequency of various food intake and common chronic diseases and multiple physical examination indicators of the elderly population,to explore the dietary factors affecting the health status of the elderly,analyze the correlation between the health status of the elderly and dietary structure,and identify the dietary factors affecting the common chronic diseases and significant physical examination indicators.To provide theoretical basis and suggestions for improving the health status of elderly residents.Methods: A total of 422 elderly residents of a street in Wuhan were investigated.Physical examination data of the elderly who participated in health examination in a community health service center in Wuhan in the first half of 2021 were collected,and their basic personal information and diet were obtained through questionnaire.SPSS25.0 was used for statistical analysis.Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to analyze the frequency of food intake and the detection rate of chronic diseases or the abnormal rate of physical examination indicators.Multivariable linear regression and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between the frequency of food intake and chronic diseases and physical examination indicators.Then,the frequency of food intake,which had statistically significant association for the outcomes in the preliminary analysis,was again included into the above model to correct confounding factors,so as to obtain the food factors that might affect each disease or physical examination index after correction.Results: 1.Pasta is a risk factor for diabetes.The risk of diabetes in people who eat pasta 5-7 times/week is 3.85 times higher than that in people who eat pasta less than 3times/month(P=0.03).The risk of diabetes in people who ate pasta 2-3 times a day was13.68 times higher than that in people who ate pasta less than 3 times a month(P<0.01).High daily consumption of rice(OR=2.19,P=0.03)or pasta(OR=5.98,P<0.01)were also associated with an increased risk of overweight or obesity.2.Rice intake frequency was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose(P<0.01);The frequency of pasta intake was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose(P<0.01).There was a negative correlation between the intake frequency of calcium and iron supplements and hemoglobin concentration in the elderly(P<0.01).The higher the frequency of soy product intake,the higher the bone mineral density(P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between intake frequency of pickled food and serum alanine aminotransferase concentration(P=0.03).After adjusting for confounding factors,there was no statistical significance in the effect of consumption frequency of pickled food on serum aspartate aminotransferase(P=0.07).Egg intake frequency was negatively correlated with serum triglyceride(P=0.01).The higher the frequency of milk(P<0.01)and olive oil(P=0.04)intake,the higher the serum HDL-C concentration.The frequency of coarse grain intake was negatively correlated with the concentration of LDL-C(P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between intake frequency of fried food and LDL-C(P<0.01).The higher the intake frequency of eggs(P<0.01),calcium and iron supplements(P=0.01)and rapeseed oil(P=0.01),the higher the concentration of serum total protein;The higher the intake frequency of fish and shrimp,the lower the serum total protein(P=0.01).After adjusting for confounding factors,there was no statistically significant effect of intake frequency of legumes,fish,shrimp and milk on serum uric acid.Conclusions: Elderly people who are overweight or obese should reduce the frequency of eating rice and pasta.Elderly people with diabetes and those who would control fasting plasma glucose should try to replace pasta and rice with coarse grain.The higher calcium and iron supplements intake frequency,the lower hemoglobin concentration;The higher frequency of soy products intake,the higher bone mineral density;High serum alanine aminotransferase concentration was associated with high frequency of pickled food intake;High frequency of egg intake was associated with low serum triglyceride.The higher frequency of milk and olive oil intake,the higher serum HDL concentration;The higher frequency of coarse grain intake and lower frequency of fried food intake,the lower serum LDL concentration;The higher frequency of eggs,rapeseed oil,calcium and iron supplements intake,but the lower frequency of fish and shrimp intake,the higher serum total protein concentration. |
