Clinical Study On The Therapeutic Effect Of Vitamin A Combined With Iron On Anemia In Pregnant Women

Objective To evaluate the status of anemia and vitamin A deficiency in pregnant women through retrospective study and explore the correlation between vitamin A and anemia in pregnant women.Through the clinical study of vitamin A combined with iron in the treatment of anemia in pregnant women,it is expected to provide a reference basis for the prevention and treatment of anemia in pregnancy in the future.Methods 1.Through retrospective study,360 pregnant women who delivered in our hospital from January 2021 to September 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and 120 women of childbearing age in the same period were selected as the control group.The subjects were divided into early pregnancy group(4-13 weeks),middle pregnancy group(14-27 weeks)and late pregnancy group(28-42 weeks)according to different pregnancy periods.The differences of hemoglobin(HB),ferritin(SF),serum iron(SI),transferrin(TRF)and unsaturated iron binding capacity(UIBC),vitamin A(VA)and retinol binding protein(RBP)were compared among the experimental groups,and the anemia rate,vitamin A deficiency rate and their correlation among pregnant women in the region were analyzed.2.According to the clinical diagnosis,the pregnant women with anemia were divided into two groups:iron deficiency anemia and other mixed anemia,and then divided into groups according to different treatment methods:iron deficiency anemia was divided into three treatment groups:A,B,C,and 51 cases in group A were treated with vitamin A;Group B:51 cases were treated with iron;53 cases in group C were treated with vitamin A and iron.Other mixed anemia were divided into three groups:D,E and F,and 21 cases in group D were treated with vitamin A;23 cases in group E were treated with iron;Group F:21 cases were treated with vitamin A and iron.After two weeks of treatment,the absolute value(Ret#)and percentage(Ret%)of reticulocyte,immature reticulocyte ratio(IRF),low fluorescence reticulocyte ratio(LFR),high fluorescence reticulocyte ratio(HFR)and reticulocyte hemoglobin content(Ret-He)of each group were compared before and after treatment.After one month of treatment,the changes of iron metabolism level of each group before and after treatment and the evaluation of anemia treatment effect were compared.Results 1 Compared with the control group,the concentrations of HB,SF,SI,RBP and VA in early,middle and late pregnancy groups decreased gradually with the increase of pregnancy,and the concentrations of TRF and UIBC increased gradually with the increase of pregnancy,with statistical differences(P<0.05)2.Among 360 pregnant women,moderate anemia accounted for 7.5%(27/360),mild anemia 14.2%(51/360),severe anemia no,overall anemia 21.7%(78/360),anemia dominated by IDA accounting for 83.3%(65/78),other anemia 16.7%(13/78),early pregnancy anemia 5%(6/120),middle pregnancy anemia 19.2%(23/120),late pregnancy anemia 40.8%(49/120),all higher than the control group 1.7%(2/120).The proportion of vitamin A deficiency in 360 pregnant women was 15.3%(55/360),30.8%(24/78)in anemia pregnant women and 10.9%(31/282)in non-anemia pregnant women;The incidence of anemia in pregnant women with vitamin A deficiency was 43.6%(24/55).Pearson correlation analysis showed that vitamin A was correlated with Hb(r=0.198 P<0.05),and the correlation coefficients with the metabolic indicators of ferritin,serum iron,transferrin,unsaturated iron binding force,and retinol binding protein were respectively(r=0.289,0.251,-0.379,-0.348,0.162;P<0.001).The lower the concentration of vitamin A,the higher the risk of anemia.3.After two weeks of vitamin A treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in reticulocyte parameters before and after treatment in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia(P>0.05).After two weeks of treatment with iron and vitamin A combined with iron,the absolute value and percentage of reticulocytes,immature reticulocyte ratio,low fluorescent reticulocyte ratio,high fluorescent reticulocyte ratio and reticulocyte hemoglobin content increased in varying degrees,The difference before and after treatment was statistically significant(P<0.05).After two weeks of treatment in the mixed anemia group,the above indicators did not change significantly,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).4.One month after the treatment of pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia,the hemoglobin,mean red blood cell volume,serum iron,and hemodulin all increased,and the difference before and after treatment was statistically significant(P<0.05).The hemoglobin level in the vitamin A combined with iron treatment group was higher than that in the iron treatment group,and the hemoglobin level in the iron treatment group was higher than that in the vitamin A treatment group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).5.The effective rate of vitamin A combined with iron treatment group was 81.1%,higher than 56.8%in iron treatment group and 31.4%in vitamin A alone treatment group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.01).Conclusion With the increase of gestational age,the levels of HB,SF,SI,RBP and VA gradually decreased,and TIBC and TRF gradually increased.Pregnant women are more prone to iron deficiency and vitamin A deficiency.2.The anemia rate and vitamin A deficiency rate of pregnant women are higher,and vitamin A is correlated with anemia related indicators.3.Vitamin A can improve anemia,and its combination with iron is more effective in treating iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women.