The Study On The Present Condition Of Anemia And Influencing Factors Of Nutritional Status Of Some Pregnant Women In Lanzhou

Objectives:This study is to find out the influence of some factors such as diet, anemia, age, occupation and race of women who are in different durations of pregnancy, via epidemiological survey about some pregnant women in Lanzhou. Another purpose is to analyze the influences of anemia on pregnant women’s incidence of hypertension during pregnancy (HDCP), tachycardia, postpartum hemorrhage and placental abruption, and the relationships among anemia, respiratory distress syndrome, low birthweight and prenatal death of pregnant women in Lanzhou. And also, the impact of anemia on biochemical test results is observed, and provide basic data for effective measures to intervene those high-risk groups are synthetically studied.Methods:Three hospitals have been selected randomly from provincial, municipal and district-level hospitals, respectively.1177pregnant women with complete personal information from Jan,2008to Jan,2010have been divided into two groups depending on anemia, we studied the general condition of pregnant women and biochemical tests, as well as their diet.Results:1. Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Lanzhou City:prevalence of anemia in the second trimester and the third trimester were6.22%and11.72%, respectively, and Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia is the main part. The part of large cell anemia in the second trimester and the third trimester increased. Prevalence of postpartum anemia was26.59%, and main part of it was the normal cell anemia. Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women from rural areas, with pregnancies more than three times, deliveries more than two times, abortion more than two times, as well as non-native pregnant women, pregnant women from minorities and women who are menorrhagia was high.2. Factors with demographic characteristics which have an influence on anemia: the risk factor of anemia among pregnant women from rural areas in the second trimester; the protective factors of anemia among native pregnant women in the second trimester, with the delivery times equal to0or1; the protective factors among ethnic Han pregnant women who are teachers or doctors, with a little menstrual flow, and the risk factors of pregnant women from rural areas whose pregnancies equal to2times in the third trimester anemia.The dietary factors which have an influence on anemia:the amount of diet increased from the second trimester to the third trimester, however, it was insufficient and the compose was irrational. The intake amount of Cereals and vegetable in anemia group was more than non-anemia group, and the intake amount of livestock and poultry, fish and eggs in anemia group was much less than non-anemia group. It showed that the intake amount of cereals and vegetables was negatively correlated with anemia, while the intake amount of poultry meat, fish and eggs was positively correlated with anemia, in the second trimester and the third trimester.3. Effects of anemia on pregnancy result:Anemia not only affected the health of pregnant women by increasing the incidence rates of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, placental abruption, premature rupture of fetal membranes and flooding, but also increased the incidence rate of unexpected pregnancy results such as fetal respiratory distress syndrome, low birth weight and perinatal mortality. Compared the pregnant women group with anemia, with the group without anemia, RBC, Hb, MCV, MCH and MCHC of the group with anemia group were significantly lower than the group without anemia, but the RDW-SD(%) was higher. Besides, the group with anemia had a lower blood serum, serum calcium and serum zinc than the group without anemia. For the lipid metabolism indexes, the HDL of group with anemia was lower than the group without anemia.Conclusions:The incidence rate of anemia in pregnant women, who were in the second trimester of pregnancy, thethird trimester of pregnancy and post partum duration was rising. The pregnant women who were farmers, living in Lanzhou but came from other cities, menorrhagia and minority, or who had pregnant time more than3times, delivery time more than2times and abortion times more than2times, belonged to the high-risk group that were more easily to have an anemia. Anemia would have adverse impact on pregnant women and fetuses, and then made hurt to the health of pregnant women and fetuses. Therefore, we recommend that we should monitor the maternal blood dynamic, and support some guidance about nutrition and health education to improve pregnant women’s understanding of anemia. The intake amount of livestock, poultry meat, fish and eggs should increase reasonable by adjusting the diet, and also, fortified food or nutrient supplement which are rich in iron element, folic acid and vitamin B12are required, if we want to reduce prevalence of maternal anemia, to mitigate the effect of anemia in pregnant women and fetal in adverse pregnancies, and at the same time, to improve the quality of maternal and fetal lives and thus improve the quality of the population.