| Objectives:To compare the psychological and sleep status of college students at different altitude campuses in a university and explore the influence of altitude on psychological and sleep status of college students.Methods:We surveyed 2396 college students in moderate altitude campus(Xining,2260m above sea level)and 802 college students in plain campus(Chengdu,500m above sea level)of a university using the general information questionnaire,Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),Insomnia Severity Index(ISI),Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS),Morning and Evening Questionnaire-5(MEQ-5),Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory-15(CBF-PI-15).SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis.Comparisons between two groups of metrological data were performed using independent samples t-test.Comparison of count data between two groups was performed using the Chi-Squared test or Mann-Whitney U test.Multivariate analysis was performed by Logistic regression.P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant difference.Results:There are differences in the psychological and sleep status of college students in different altitude campuses:(1)Emotion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of anxiety symptoms among college students between the two campuses(27.1%vs 29.8%,P=0.175).Compared with plain campus,college students in moderate altitude had lower score of BDI and lower depression(BDI:6.31±5.80 vs 7.59±5.98;depression:53.0%vs 62.7%,P<0.05).(2)Sleep status:college students in moderate altitude had lower score of ISI and insomnia,but higher score of ESS and daytime sleepiness(ISI:6.97±4.48 vs 7.92 ± 4.69;insomnia:40.2%vs 50.6%;ESS:7.77± 3.83 vs 6.95± 3.54;daytime sleepiness:20.4%vs 14.1%,all P<0.05).The distribution of circadian rhythm of college students in the two campuses was mainly middle type,followed by morning type and the least at night type,with no significant difference(Intermediate type:71.5%vs 67.7%;Morning type:19.1%vs 20.7%;Evening type:9.5%vs 11.6%,P=0.095).(3)Personality traits:college students in moderate altitude campus had lower scores of neuroticism,higher scores of openness and extraversion(neuroticism:9.61 ± 3.36 vs 10.39 ± 3.55;openness:10.16 ± 3.12 vs 9.77 ± 3.36,extraversion:10.61 ± 3.35 vs 10.13 ± 3.57,all P<0.01).The scores of conscientiousness and agreeableness of college students in the two campuses were higher(conscientiousness:12.04±2.65 vs 12.15± 2.67,P=0.288;agreeableness:12.58±3.00 vs 12.38± 3.05,P=0.107).Logistic regression analysis showed that the moderate altitude campus was a risk factor for daytime sleepiness(OR=1.770,95%CI 1.390～2.253,P<0.01),and a protective factor for depression and insomnia(depression:OR=0.667,95%CI 0.547～0.812;insomnia:OR=0.787,95%CI 0.536～0.783,all P<0.01).Conclusions:(1)Anxiety(27.8%),depression(55.5%),insomnia(42.8%)and daytime sleepiness(18.8%)are common among college students in different altitude campuses.(2)Among college students in moderate altitude campus,daytime sleepiness was prevalent while depression and insomnia symptoms were rare.Neuroticism was low,and openness and extraversion were high.(3)Moderate altitude campus is an independent influencing factor of depression,insomnia and daytime sleepiness in college students. |
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