| Objective Epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC)has the highest mortality among all female reproductive tract cancers.In this study,we detected the expression of Wilm’s tumor gene 1(WT1)and paired box gene 8(PAX8)in EOC,borderline epithelial ovarian tumor(BOT)and benign epithelial ovarian tumor,and analyzed the difference of their expression in ovarian epithelial tissues with different degrees of malignancy;the relationship between their expression and the clinicopathological features of EOC and their expression’s correlation were analyzed;the relationship between them and the prognosis of ovarian serous carcinoma(OSC)were analyzed,so as to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of EOC.Methods The case data of oophorectomy in Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were collected for retrospective analysis and follow-up.There were 141 cases of EOC(EOC group),30 cases of BOT(BOT group)and 30 cases of benign epithelial ovarian tumors(benign group).In EOC group,there were 126 cases of ovarian serous carcinoma(OSC)and 15 cases of non-serous ovarian carcinoma,including 7 cases of ovarian endometrioid carcinoma(OEC),4 cases of ovarian clear cell carcinoma(OCCC)and 4 cases of ovarian mucinous carcinoma(OMC).After immunohistochemistry,the expressions of WT1 and Pax8 were observed under microscope.The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 26.0 software.Results 1.The positive expression rates of WT1 in EOC group,BOT group and benign group were 68.79%(97/141),36.67%(11/30)and 6.67%(2/30),respectively;Comparing the expression rate of EOC group and BOT group,EOC group and benign group,BOT group and benign group,the difference was statistically significant(P=0.001、P<0.001、P=0.005).2.The positive expression rates of PAX8 in EOC group,BOT group and benign group were 75.18%(106/141),70.00%(21/30)and 3.33%(1/30),respectively;There was no significant difference in the positive expression rate of PAX8 between EOC group and BOT group(P=0.556);The positive expression rates of PAX8 in EOC group and benign group,BOT group and benign group were compared,and the difference was statistically significant(P< 0.001,P< 0.001).3.In 141 cases of EOC,the positive expression of WT1 was positively correlated with that of PAX8(P < 0.001,r = 0.52).4.In 141 cases of EOC,the positive expression rates of WT1 and PAX8 in FIGO stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ tissues,high differentiation(G1-G2)and low differentiation(G3)tissues,tissues with and without lymphatic metastasis were compared respectively,which were statistically significant(P< 0.05).5.In 141 cases of EOC,the positive expression rates of WT1 in ovarian serous carcinoma(OSC)and non-serous ovarian carcinoma were 76.19%(96/126)and6.67%(1/15),respectively.The positive expression rates of WT1 in OEC,OMC and OCCC were 14.29%(1/7),0(0/4)and 0(0/4),respectively;The positive expression rates of PAX8 in OSC and non-serous ovarian carcinoma were 82.54%(104/126)and13.33%(2/15),respectively.The positive expression rates of PAX8 in OEC,OMC and OCCC were 28.57%(2/7),0(0/4)and 0(0/4),respectively;The positive expression rates of WT1 and PAX8 in OSC were higher than those in non-serous ovarian carcinoma(P< 0.05).6.In 126 OSC tissues,the results showed that the disease free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)of WT1(+)patients were shorter than those of WT1(-)(P=0.005,P = 0.015);DFS and OS in PAX8(+)patients were shorter than those in PAX8(-)(P= 0.036,P = 0.010).Conclusion 1.The positive expression of WT1 in EOC was higher than that in BOT and benign tumors,and the higher the malignant degree of ovarian epithelial tumors,the more positive expression of WT1;In EOC,the later FIGO stage,the worse histological differentiation and lymphatic metastasis,the more positive expression rate of WT1,suggesting that WT1 may be related to the development,invasion and metastasis of EOC.2.The positive expression of PAX8 in EOC and BOT was higher than that in benign tumor tissues,but there was no significant difference in the positive expression of PAX8 in EOC and BOT;In EOC,the later FIGO stage,the worse histological differentiation and lymphatic metastasis,the more positive expression rate of PAX8,suggesting that PAX8 may be related to the development,invasion and metastasis of EOC.3.The positive expression rate of WT1 and PAX8 in non-serous ovarian carcinoma was low or not.4.The positive expression of WT1 and PAX8 in EOC is positively correlated,which may promote the occurrence and development of EOC.5.DFS and OS in patients with ovarian serous carcinoma with positive expression of WT1 and PAX8 were shorter than those with negative expression,suggesting that WT1 and PAX8 may affect the prognosis of patients with ovarian serous carcinoma. |
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