| Chicken coccidiosis is an acute intestinal disease caused by parasitic protozoa of Eimeria.It mainly invades and destroys the intestinal epithelial cells of broilers,causing bloody diarrhea and even death,causing serious economic losses to the poultry industry.At present,chemical drugs are mainly used to control coccidiosis.However,with the emergence of drug-resistant strains,the upsurge of international "prohibition of antibiotics" and the concern about chemical residues in animal-derived foods,it is urgent to find new alternatives to control the development of coccidiosis.In recent years,there have been more and more studies on the application of traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat chicken coccidiosis.Traditional Chinese medicine can not only effectively treat coccidiosis,but also is not easy to produce drug resistance,green safety,and has good development prospects.In this study,three traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions were selected according to the principle of compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine.A traditional Chinese medicine prescription with significant inhibitory effect on Eimeria tenella oocysts was screened by in vitro inhibition of oocyst sporulation test.The content of total carbohydrate and total protein in this traditional Chinese medicine prescription was determined,and the fingerprint was established by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)to determine the content of active ingredients and complete quality control.The effects of this traditional Chinese medicine prescription on the growth performance,immune performance and intestinal integrity of chickens infected with coccidia were evaluated in order to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of broilers coccidiosis with traditional Chinese medicine.The main results are as follows:1.After treatment with 0.5 g/mL of "Changshan Bajian Powder","Kushen Jiujian Powder" and "Kulian Liujian Powder" for 6 days,the sporulation rates of coccidian oocysts were 28.56%,19.87% and 60.75%,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of 2.5% potassium dichromate control group.Among them,"Kushen Jiujian Powder" had the best inhibitory effect on sporulation of coccidian oocysts.2.The content of total carbohydrate in "Kushen Jiujian Powder" was determined by Phenol-sulfuric acid method to be 45.54%.The content of total protein in "Kushen Jiujian Powder" was determined to be 0.42% by Bradford method.The HPLC fingerprint analysis method was established and the content of active ingredients was determined.The results showed that the content of matrine was 0.695%,the content of oxymatrine was 0.069%,the content of liquiritin was 0.135%,the content of isoferulic acid was 0.274%,the content of quercetin was 0.006%,the content of toosendanin was0.024%,the content of glycyrrhizic acid was 0.228%,the content of saikosaponin A was 0.124%,and the content of saikosaponin D was 0.099%.The detection results of10 batches of "Kushen Jiujian Powder" were analyzed,and 70 representative chromatographic peaks were calibrated as common peaks.The precision,stability and reproducibility were good,and the RSD was less than 3%.3.The therapeutic effect of "Kushen Jiujian Powder" on broilers infected with E.tenella.The results showed that the high dose of "Kushen Jiujian Powder"(1 g/kg)added to the diet had a good anticoccidial effect.Compared with the model group,the weight gain of broilers was significantly increased(P<0.05),the feed conversion rate(FCR)was significantly decreased,the contents of immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin M(IgM)and immunoglobulin Y(IgY)in serum were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),interferon(IFN-γ),interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-10(IL-10)in intestinal tract of broilers were significantly decreased(P<0.05).It significantly increased the content of Occludin,Claudin-1 and MUC2(P<0.05),improved intestinal damage caused by coccidia and maintained intestinal barrier. |
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