| Grain thickness and the percentage of green rice are crucial markers of rice maturity,which has a significant impact on rice productivity and quality.The environment and agricultural practices have an impact on rice maturity.Previous research has demonstrated that rice maturity under various nitrogen application and cultivation densities differs significantly.However,it is unclear how rice matures in different parts of the world under various farming practices.In order to improve production and quality in concert,it is crucial to investigate the geographical distribution characteristics of rice maturity under various growing practices.This study takes high-quality rice variety Ezhong 5 as the research object,and sets three nitrogen application levels of 0 kg/ha,100 kg/ha,and 200 kg/ha pure nitrogen(0N,100 N,200N),and the row spacing of the two density treatments was 30 cm × 9 cm,30 cm × 13 cm(D9,D13),were used to study the spatial distribution characteristics of rice maturity on different tillers and different parts of the ear under different cultivation measures.The main research findings of this study are as follows:The nitrogen application rate has a significant impact on the maturity of rice populations,and the overall maturity shows an increasing trend with the increase of nitrogen application rate.As the nitrogen fertilizer application rate increases,the thickness of rice increases,manifested as 200 N,100N> 0N;As the nitrogen fertilizer application rate increases,the green rice rate shows a decreasing trend,manifested as 100N< 200N< 0N.The planting density also has a significant impact on the maturity of rice populations,and as the density increases,the overall maturity of rice tends to decrease.As the density increases,the thickness of rice and the green rice percentage show a decreasing trend.Overall,under the conditions of moderately increasing nitrogen fertilizer application and reducing density,the maturity of rice population is higher.There are significant differences in rice maturity on tillers of different sizes(biomass).As the tillering biomass increases,the maturity generally shows an increasing trend.As the tillering biomass increases,the thickness of rice increases,and the green rice rate decreases,manifested as strong tillering,medium tillering > weak tillering.The proportion of brown rice in the thickness grades of 1.5 mm-1.6 mm and 1.6 mm-1.7 mm on strong tillering rice increased by 0.3%-9.8% compared to weak tillering rice.The green rice rate on strong tillers decreased by 0.1%-4.5% compared to weak tillers.There are also significant differences in rice maturity at different tillering heights,and as the tillering height increases,the overall maturity shows an increasing trend.As the tillering height increases,the thickness of rice increases,and the proportion of rice on high tillers in the thickness level of > 1.7 mm increases by 6.0%-9.0% compared to low tillers.As the tiller height decreases,the green rice rate increases.Compared with low tillers,the green rice rate on high tillers decreases by 0.1%-2.3%.There are significant differences in the maturity of rice at different panicle positions.The overall performance of rice thickness in different parts of the panicle is as follows:upper part,middle part > lower part;Primary branch > secondary branch;Strong particles >weak particles.The proportion of the upper part of the rice in the thickness grade > 1.7 mm increased by 2.9%-14.4% compared to the lower part;The proportion of rice on the first branch increased by 5.9%-18.2% compared to the lower part in the thickness grade of >1.7 mm;The proportion of stronger grains in the thickness grade of > 1.7 mm increased by9.5%-42.4% for weaker grains.The overall performance of green rice rate in different parts of the panicle is as follows: upper part < middle part,lower part;primary branch <secondary branch;Strong particles<weak particles.The green rice rate in the upper part decreased by 0.4%-5.9% compared to the middle and lower parts;The green rice rate on the primary branch decreased by 0.1%-7.9% compared to the secondary branch;The strong grain decreased by 2.7%-14.5% when the green rice rate was weak.The nitrogen application rate has a significant impact on the yield and quality of rice.As the nitrogen application rate increases,the rice yield shows 0N < 100 N,200N.Compared with 0N,the yield at the 200 N level increased by 55.9%.As the nitrogen application rate increases,the protein content of rice significantly increases and the taste value decreases.Compared with the 0N level,the protein content of rice at the 200 N level increased by 27.6% and the taste value of rice decreased by 8.7%.Density also has a significant impact on rice yield,with a decrease in density leading to an increase in rice yield.The yield of rice under D13 density treatment increased by 15.9% compared to D9 treatment.There was no significant difference in the taste value of rice under different density treatments.In conclusion,nitrogen treatment density and pace have a sizable effect on rice maturity.There are significant spatial differences in rice maturity under different cultivation conditions,and the overall performance of different tillers is that the maturity increases with the increase of tiller biomass and tiller height.Overall,as nitrogen application rate increases,density decreases and maturity increases.Overall panicle maturity reveals that the dominant grains are higher than the weaker grains,the principal branch grains are higher than the secondary branch grains,and the upper grains are higher than the middle and lower grains.According to the findings of this study,rice matured more quickly when nitrogen was applied correctly and the density was lower than it would have if nitrogen had not been applied.Regulating rice throughout rice cultivation to have more tall and large tillers and to increase the quantity of seeds in the top part of the bearing ear,principal branches,and superior grains was a crucial step in improving rice maturity. |
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