| Our country is a big country of livestock breeding.It is the trend of prohibition and replacement of livestock breeding.This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum complex microecological preparations on growth performance,slaughter traits,immune organ index,meat quality and intestinal tissue morphology of Arbor Acres(AA+)broilers under the same feeding environment,and to explore the effects of Clostridium butyricum complex microecological preparations under the whole feeding condition without resistance.Compared with antibiotics and existing microecological additives used in production,the existing diet formula is optimized to find suitable antibiotic substitutes,which provides a reasonable basis for Clostridium butyricum compound microecological preparation in AA+ broiler breeding.The main components and proportion of Clostridium butyricum complex microecological additives used in this experiment were Clostridium butyricum: Bacillus preparation: mannooligosaccharides:glucose oxidase: α-galactosidase = 1:10:3:3:3.One-day-old healthy AA+ broilers with similar body weight were randomly divided into 9 groups with 3 replicates per group and37 broilers per replicate.The control group was fed the basal diet,the antibiotic group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.2‰ oxytetracycline,and the first,second,third,fourth,fifth and sixth treatment groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.25‰,0.4‰,0.5‰,0.6‰,0.8‰ and 1‰ Clostridium butyricum complex microecological preparation,respectively.The piglets in the pre-treatment group were fed 0.015% of the compound enzyme(containing carvacrol)+ 0.03% of the compound enzyme(ordolase),and the pre-treatment group was the existing microecological preparation group used in production.The feeding experiment lasted for 42 days.At 42 days of age,the treatment group with Clostridium butyricum compound microecological preparation with the best growth performance was selected for subsequent related experiments.Specific test results are as follows:(1)Growth performance: After 21 days of feeding,body weight of the sixth group and the pre-treatment group was significantly increased compared with the control group and the antibiotic group(P<0.01).The average daily gain of chickens in the fifth group,the sixth group and the pre-treatment group was significantly increased(P<0.01),and the ratio of feed to gain of chickens in the sixth group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in the daily feed intake of chickens in all groups(P>0.05).These results indicated that the feed formula in the sixth group had the best effect on the average daily gain and ratio of feed to gain of broilers at 21 days of age.After 42 days of feeding,the ratio of feed to gain of broilers in groups 5,6 and pre-treatment groups was significantly decreased compared with the control group(P<0.01),and the ratio of feed to gain of broilers in groups 6 and pre-treatment groups was significantly decreased compared with antibiotic group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in average daily gain and average daily feed intake among all groups(P>0.05).After feeding for 1 to42 days,compared with the control group,the average daily gain of broilers in Group 6and pre-treatment groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),the ratio of feed to gain was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the body weight of broilers was significantly increased(P<0.05).But there were no significant differences in average daily feed intake among all groups(P>0.05).In summary,according to the growth performance indexes of broilers,it was found that the feed formula of the sixth group(1‰ Clostridium butyrate compound microecological preparation)had better effect during feeding,so the sixth group of broilers were selected for subsequent correlation tests.Body oblique length,chest depth,chest width,keel length,tibial length and tibial circumference of broilers at 42 days of age were tested.The results showed that body oblique length,chest width,chest depth and keel length of broilers in group 6 and pretreatment group were significantly increased compared with control group(P<0.01),while keel length of broilers in group 6 and pre-treatment group was significantly increased compared with antibiotic group.(P<0.05),there were no significant differences among other groups.(2)Slaughter performance: Compared with the control group,the slaughter percentage,half-eviscerated percentage and breast muscle percentage of 42-day-old broilers in the sixth group and the pre-treatment group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the eviscerated percentage of broilers in the sixth group was significantly increased(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the leg muscle percentage of broilers among all groups.Compared with antibiotic group,the dressing percentage of broilers in the sixth group and pre-treatment group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the semi-eviscerated percentage and breast muscle percentage of broilers in the sixth group were significantly increased(P<0.05).No significant difference was found in other groups.(3)Immune organ index: Compared with the control group,the bursa of Fabricius index,thymus index and spleen index of 42-day-old broilers in the sixth group and the pretreatment group were significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with antibiotic group,bursa of Fabricius index and thymus index of broilers in the sixth group and pre-treatment group were significantly increased(P<0.05),but spleen index had no significant difference.(4)Determination of breast muscle quality: Compared with the control group,the breast muscle brightness(L*)of broilers at 42 days of age in the sixth group and the pretreatment group was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the breast muscle redness(a*)and p H of broilers in the sixth group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the shear force was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with antibiotic group,the breast muscle brightness(L*),redness(a*),p H and shear force of broilers in group 6 were better,but not significant.There were no significant differences in breast yellowness(b*)among all groups.Determination of leg muscle quality: Compared with the control group,the leg muscle p H of broilers aged 42 days in the sixth group and the pre-treatment group was significantly different(P<0.01),and the leg muscle brightness(L*)of broilers in the sixth group was significantly different(P<0.05).Compared with antibiotic group,leg muscle p H of broilers at 42 days of age in the sixth group was significantly different(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in leg muscle brightness(L*),redness(a*)and shear force among all groups.(5)Intestinal morphology: Compared with the control group,duodenal villus height and pile to hide ratio of broilers aged 42 days in the sixth group and the pre-treatment group were significantly different(P<0.05).Compared with antibiotic group,duodenal villus height and pile crypt ratio of broilers at 42 days of age in the sixth group were significantly different(P<0.05),but crypt depth of broilers was not significantly different among all groups.There were no significant differences among the other groups.Compared with the control group,the villus height,crypt depth and pile crypt ratio in jejunum of broilers at 42 days of age in the sixth group were significantly different(P<0.05).There were significant differences in crypt depth and pile crypt ratio among pretreatment group(P<0.05).Compared with the antibiotic group,the crypt depth of the sixth group and the pre-treatment group was significantly different(P<0.01),and the ratio of crypt depth of the sixth group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the other groups were unrestricted.Compared with the control group,the ileum villus height and pile to hide ratio of broilers at 42 days of age in the sixth group and the pre-treatment group were significantly different(P<0.05).Compared with antibiotic group,ileum villus height of broilers in the sixth group and the pre-treatment group at 42 days of age was significantly different(P<0.05).There were no significant differences among the other groups.In conclusion,adding Clostridium butyrate compound microecologic preparation in diets can improve the performance of AA+ broilers in different degrees,among which 1‰clostridium butyrate compound microecologic preparation has the best effect,and has a certain degree of improvement in slaughter performance,immune function and intestinal morphology compared with control group and antibiotic group,and its economic benefit is better than that of pre-treatment group.It can be used in the raising of AA+ broiler instead of antibiotics. |
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