Study On Compound Microbial Fertilizer Formulation

With the vigorous development of ecological agricultural economy in China,the phenomenon of groundwater resource and environment pollution,land acidification,soil compaction and low production efficiency of agricultural products caused by increasing fertilizer application and improper application method has been paid more and more attention by people.In order to reasonably deal with this kind of phenomenon,more and more experts aim at biological fertilizer.Biofertilizers have a wide range of material sources,low cost,environmental safety and production time saving characteristics,which make biofertilizers become the most effective substitutes for chemical fertilizers.Single-purpose biofertilizers can repair the agricultural environment and improve the quality of crops to some extent,but they cannot provide a variety of nutrients that crops need to grow.In this case,the function of more comprehensive compound microbial fertilizer emerged.Composite microbial fertilizer can achieve a balanced ratio of various inorganic elements,organic components and beneficial microbial strains,which not only reflects the characteristics of inorganic chemical fertilizer with good fertilizer efficiency and quick effect,but also realizes the comprehensive effect of improving crop quality and soil environment brought by the combination of organic substances and beneficial microorganisms.It is widely used in food crop production.On the one hand,it can alleviate the problem of agricultural soil compaction,achieve soil repair and soil physical and chemical properties regulation,on the other hand,it can reduce the utilization rate of agricultural chemical fertilizer,effectively reduce environmental pollution,reduce the incidence of agricultural diseases and pests,improve the resistance of organic agricultural products,some microbial fertilizer carried strains can also produce growth stimulants during the growth and reproduction process.It can promote the growth of crops and is an efficient fertilizer to improve the fruit quality of food crops and soil fertility.The composite microbial fertilizer makes full use of the characteristics of inorganic fertilizer,organic synthetic fertilizer and favorable microorganisms in a good combination,complementing each other and truly realizing the effect of1+1+1>3.Although there are many kinds of compound microbial fertilizer in our country,the main application object is economic crops,and the special application of food crops is relatively less.Therefore,it is of better practical significance to develop a compound microbial fertilizer formula which has superior fertilizer effect,can improve soil environment and has good economic benefit.In this study,42 strains were selected as test strains from Daqing Huali Biotechnology Co.,LTD.,and a group of composite strains were screened through the detection of potassium and phosphorus solubilization,IAA production and antagonistic performance.The composite microbial fertilizer was formed by loading them on the screened fertilizer particles.Finally,agronomic character test,soil influence test and economic benefit test of composite microbial fertilizer were carried out to verify its fertilizer effect and economy.The main experimental results are as follows:(1)Construct functional microbial strain system.The potassium solubilizing bacteria,phosphorus solubilizing bacteria and IAA-producing bacteria were screened.WT4 was selected as the inorganic phosphorus solubilizing strain,lipopeptide as the organic phosphorus solubilizing strain,P-3L as the potassium solubilizing strain,and KC-1 as the IAA-producing strain.The results of antagonism experiment confirmed that the selected phosphorous solubilizing bacteria,potassium solubilizing bacteria and IAA-producing bacteria did not reject in the reproduction process of the three microorganisms,and could be mixed culture,and the bacteria had coordination function.The complex strain system consisted of WT4,lipopeptide,P-3L and KC-1.(2)The granulation of 6 groups of compound microbial fertilizer formula was completed,and the pot experiment was carried out to determine the basic formula.With urea as nitrogen fertilizer,mono-ammonium phosphate as phosphate fertilizer and potassium sulfate as potassium fertilizer,inorganic fertilizer particles can be prepared.On the one hand,bacteria can colonize effectively,and quickly enter the rhizosphere soil with particle disintegration to play the role of promoting growth of bacteria community.On the other hand,a good ratio of inorganic fertilizer N,P and K can provide more abundant and absorbable nutrient elements for plants.(3)After fertilizer efficiency verification,it was found that compared with the CK group with the fertilizer formula of the uninoculated strain,the fertilizer formula of the inoculated optimal strain made the corn agronomic characters higher than that of the CK group,the root length was0.3 times higher,the plant height and SPAD value were slightly higher than that of the CK group,which were 1.6% and 2%,respectively,which confirmed that the compound microbial fertilizer had a certain growth promoting effect on corn crops.