Effects Of Bean Intercropping Symbiosis On The Growth And Quality Of Heracleum Moellendorffii Hance In Greenhouse

Heracleum moellendorffii Hance is a perennial herb of Heracleum L.of Umbelliferae,which is a kind of edible and medicinal wild vegetable with strong cold tolerance.Due to the seasonal natural growth and extensive excavation,the wild resources are becoming increasingly exhausted,and it is difficult to meet the annual production demand.Therefore,it is urgent to carry out the research on the artificial cultivation technology of the Heracleum moellendorffii Hance.Aiming at the problem of poor growth of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance in greenhouse caused by high temperature,the characteristics of vine-like kidney beans with strong climbing ability and biological nitrogen fixation were used to create a suitable environment for the growth of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance in greenhouse and provide certain nitrogen nutrition for Heracleum moellendorffii Hance who likes nitrogen.In this experiment,the effects of different sowing dates and densities of kidney beans on the growth and quality of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance under the intercropping symbiosis system,as well as the effects of nodule occurrence degree of kidney beans after intercropping symbiosis on nitrogen metabolism of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance were studied,which provided reference and theoretical basis for the production of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance in greenhouse.The main study results are presented as follows:(1)The intercropping and symbiosis of kidney bean can effectively increase the yield and promote the accumulation of coumarin,flavone,polysaccharide,soluble sugar and soluble protein in the greenhouse,among which the treatment of sowing kidney bean 30 days after planting Heracleum moellendorffii Hance(B2),the intercropping and symbiosis treatment of kidney bean with high density of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance(M2:18,000plants/667m~2)and 90 cm distance between holds(M2Z2)have the best effect.Treatment of three sowing dates of kidney beans(B1:10d after planting Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,April 20;B2:30d after planting Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,May 10th;B3:50 d after planting Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,May 30th)and three planting densities of kidney bean(Z1:60cm;Z2:90cm;Z3:120cm)effectively reduced the light intensity,canopy air temperature and soil temperature,and increased the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content in the soil.(2)In this experiment,the increase of soil nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen and available phosphorus is beneficial to the accumulation of coumarin,flavone and polysaccharide in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance.(3)Proper occurrence degree of kidney nodule in kidney bean is beneficial to nitrogen metabolism of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance,which can improve nitrogen nutrition level and enzyme activities related to nitrogen metabolism in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance.Compared with monocropping,treatments G1(kidney bean:Heracleum moellendorffii Hance=1:2),G2(kidney bean:Heracleum moellendorffii Hance=3:2)and G3(kidney bean:Heracleum moellendorffii Hance=2:2)can increase the total nitrogen content,soluble protein content and leaf-related enzymes(nitrate reductase,glutamate synthase and glutamate dehydrogenase)in the intercropping symbiotic system.(4)A set of intercropping symbiotic cultivation model of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance and kidney bean in greenhouse was established.Two-year-old Heracleum moellendorffii Hancey was planted in the greenhouse with high ridge and double rows,and the planting density was 18,000plants/667 m~2.The kidney beans were directly planted between the two rows of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance 30 days after planting,and the spacing between the kidney beans was 90cm.The watering method was drip irrigation under plastic film(black plastic film is suitable).