Research On Dust Removal Technology Of Peanut Harvester Based On CFD-DPM

Peanut occupies the first place in the proportion of oil crops.The planting area of peanut in Henan Province ranks the first in China.It is an important issue for the development of peanut industry to improve the technical level of peanut harvesting equipment.At present,a two-stage harvest for peanuts in our country,the peanut pickup machine is the main technical models of the peanuts harvest in our country.In the peanut pickup harvest process,because of the shredding,air transport and crushed seedlings in the box process,air flow and dust interaction,produce a lot of dust,pollution the environment and harm health.In this paper,the dust removal grass box of peanut harvesting machine is taken as the research object,and the structure design of the dust removal grass box of peanut harvesting machine is carried out by means of theoretical analysis,mathematical calculation,simulation and field experiment.Finite element simulation technology is used to simulate the movement of gas-solid two-phase flow inside the dust removal grass box,and the interaction law between dust and air flow is revealed.To explore the dust removal technology suitable for the operation of peanut picking and harvesting machine,so as to provide theoretical basis and technical basis for the research and development of dust removal device of peanut picking and harvesting machine and the improvement of dust removal performance.This paper mainly carries out research in the following aspects:(1)Investigate the mechanization technology of peanut picking and harvesting machines at home and abroad,as well as the dust control technology for agricultural machinery operations.On the basis of literature review and comparative analysis of peanut picking and harvesting at home and abroad,the characteristics of peanut picking and harvesting operations and the reasons for dust generation were analyzed.Combining the operation of Henan peanut picking and harvesting machine,analyze the dust composition and particle size distribution pattern,and provide technical basis for the design of dust reduction devices.(2)Two kinds of dust suppression straw boxes are designed,one is the filter cartridge type dust suppression straw box.According to the size of the straw box of the peanut picker and referring to the relevant knowledge of Fluid mechanics,the filter hole size in the filter cartridge device is calculated,and the filter cartridge type dust suppression device built into the straw box is designed;Another type is a cyclone dust removal grass box,which measures the air flow at the inlet of the peanut picking and harvesting machine’s grass box.Based on the existing size of the grass box,parameter calculations are carried out on the structure of the square cyclone dust collector cylinder,inlet,cone,exhaust core pipe,and other structures.Four square cyclone dust collectors are designed to be installed in parallel in the grass box to reduce dust.(3)The FLUENT software is used to simulate the gas-solid two-phase flow in the two designed straw boxes,simulate the pressure distribution and velocity distribution in the two straw boxes,and use the CFD-DPM model to simulate their separation efficiency.The simulation results verify that the filter hole diameter designed in this paper has a good capture performance for particles within the TSP particle size range,and the working performance of the square cyclone dust collector meets the dust reduction requirements of peanut picking and harvesting operations,At the same time,the air flow pressure,velocity distribution and particle residence time inside the two dust suppression straw boxes were compared and analyzed.Considering the available volume inside the straw box,the actual processing difficulty and cost,it was determined that the cartridge type dust suppression straw box was better than the rotary type dust suppression straw box.(4)Conduct field experiments on peanut harvesting and compare and analyze the designed filter cartridge dust reduction grass box.Using drones equipped with laser dust sensors,real-time TSP value detection is carried out at 6 detection points around the peanut picking and harvesting machine operation.The field test results of the filter cartridge dust reduction grass box show that the designed dust reduction grass box has a dust reduction efficiency of 73.10%,which proves that the filter cartridge dust reduction grass box can be suitable for peanut picking and harvesting operations.