Cultivation And Utilization Of Sesame In Ming And Qing Dynasties

This paper takes sesame as the research object,takes Ming and Qing dynasties as the research time range,and takes cultivation and utilization as the core content of the research.On the basis of sorting out relevant historical materials,the cultivation and utilization techniques of sesame in Ming and Qing Dynasties are summarized as follows.Sesame cultivation involves farming system,land selection,land preparation,seed selection,sowing,field management,harvest and other links.In terms of tillage system,the application of "district seed method" and continuous cropping system decreased,and rotation and intercropping became the main tillage system,and the object of sesame rotation and intercropping was further expanded.In terms of land selection,the factors of land selection increased before planting,and people paid more attention to terrain,soil and other factors.The process of land preparation tends to be complete,and the concept of fertilization before planting becomes popular.In terms of seed selection,farmers proved the effect of seeds on sesame yield through personal practice,and the concept of "improved seed" was deeply rooted in people’s hearts.In terms of sowing,the sowing time is strictly controlled,and the sowing time of sesame is closely related to sesame varieties.The sowing technology is more comprehensive and fine,sowing depth,sowing spacing,cover thickness have the corresponding standard.In field management,the cultivation and weeding technology was further optimized by the emergence of the consciousness of weeding by watching seedlings.The awareness of drought and waterlogging prevention was enhanced to reduce the burden of sesame field management.Lime insecticide and sesame topdressing were outstanding achievements in this period,which ensured the yield and quality of sesame.In terms of sesame harvest,the harvest time was strictly controlled,the threshing tools were improved compared with the previous generation,and the threshing efficiency was further improved.The processing and utilization of sesame involves the processing of sesame,the utilization of sesame and sesame oil,the utilization of sesame meal and the utilization of sesame straw.Sesame processing,the main research sesame oil processing technology.The production of "Cui’s water substitution method" laid the most basic technical foundation of sesame oil extraction.The diversified sesame oil pressing methods,refined oil pressing equipment and complete oil pressing process marked the mature development of ancient sesame oil pressing technology.In terms of the utilization of sesame and sesame oil,diet and medicine are still the most common ways,and the corresponding recipes and prescriptions are more abundant.The application of sesame oil in lighting lamp and making articles of study reached its peak,and the demand of sesame oil was greatly increased.The effects of sesame and sesame oil on preservation,antisepsis,insect killing,lubrication and rust prevention were also fully developed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.In terms of the utilization of sesame oil meal,sesame oil meal can fertilize fields and feed livestock,and can also be processed into staple food to maintain People’s Daily diet during famine.In terms of the utilization of sesame straw,the exploration of new functions such as stopping frogs and moth-eating opened a new chapter in the utilization of sesame straw;Sesame straw has a subtle connection with folk customs and customs with its beautiful meaning of "high and steady".Sesame straw carries people’s good expectations into daily life.In 2023,the No.1 document of the Central Committee put forward important instructions for the expansion of oil crops in China,and it is of great practical significance to study the cultivation and utilization technology of ancient sesame.Through comparative study with the previous generation,this paper hopes to have a more comprehensive understanding of the inheritance and development of sesame cultivation and utilization technology in the Ming and Qing dynasties,summarize the regular achievements,analyze the development motivation,and provide guidance for the production and processing of modern sesame and even the development of modern agriculture.