Effects Of Sowing Rate And Fertilization On Yield And Quality Of Shannong 44 And Shannong 46 Under Late Sowing Conditions

Shannong 44 and Shannong 46 are the new wheat varieties independently cultivated by our research group in 2021,which have the characteristics of high-quality strong gluten and high yield.Due to climate and environmental factors such as heavy rainfall,drought and other unsuitable moisture content,and human factors such as the late harvest of previous crops(Wheat after maize,Wheat grown after rice),wheat sowing date is delayed.In order to develop the potential of the two wheat varieties and give full play to the advantages of the varieties,the experiment of sowing time and amount,nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer interaction,different fertilizer base application and nitrogen topdressing were set up under the condition of late sowing in Tai ’an City,Shandong Province,in order to provide data support for the supporting cultivation techniques of the two varieties.The results are as follows:1.Effects of sowing date and sowing amount on yield characters of Shannong 46 and yield and quality characters of Shannong 44.The results showed that the sowing date and sowing amount had significant effects on the yield of Shannong 44 and Shannong 46 under late sowing conditions,but had no significant effects on the yield of wheat under the condition of wheat interaction.The sowing date had significant effects on the gluten content,water absorption,formation time and stability time of Shannong 44.The sowing amount had significant effects on the formation time and stability time,dry and wet gluten content and gluten index.The interaction only has significant effect on the bulk density data.The results showed that under the condition of medium soil fertility in central Shandong Province,From October 25 to November 11,the best sowing quantity of Shannong 44 was 3 million seedlings per hectare,and from November 11 to November 19,the best sowing quantity was 3.45 million seedlings per hectare.The best sowing quantity of Shannong 46 was 2.85 million seedlings per hectare from October 25 to November 11,and 3.3 million seedlings per hectare from November 11 to November 19.2.Effect of fertilizer on yield of Shannong 44The results showed that nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer interaction,different base fertilizer types and different nitrogen application periods had significant effects on the yield of wheat Shan Nong 44.The highest yield could be obtained when nitrogen application rate was 250kg/hm2 and sulfur application rate was 85 kg/hm2.On October 29,organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer were sown as the base application of Shannong44.The base application of nitrogen fertilizer was 130 kg/hm2 and nitrogen chasing 102 kg/hm2 at jointing stage could give consideration to the yield and quality of wheat.3.Effect of fertilizer on quality of Shannong 44.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer treatment had no significant effects on wheat flour whiteness,settlement value,gluten index,water absorption and formation time.In the range of 0-250 kg/hm2 fertilizer application,the content of wheat dry gluten and subunit gene expression showed an increasing trend with the increase of nitrogen application rate,while the stable time showed a decreasing trend.Sulfur fertilizer had significant effects on dry and wet gluten content,sedimentation value,formation time,relative expression of "5+10" subunit and NR enzyme activity of wheat.Yield and quality can be taken into account when nitrogen fertilizer application is 250 kg/hm2 and sulfur fertilizer application is 45 kg/hm2.The type of base fertilizer had significant effects on the content of wet gluten,gluten index,formation time,stabilization time,the relative expression level of "5+10" subunit of high-quality protein and the activity of NR enzyme of Shannong 44.After nitrogen application delay,the powder whiteness,gluten content,gluten index,formation time and stabilization time of wheat flour had significant effects.Under the sowing condition of October 29,Shannong 44 was applied as the base application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer.The base application of nitrogen fertilizer was 130 kg/hm2,and nitrogen treatment at jointing stage was 102 kg/hm2,which could take into account the yield and quality of some wheat.Application of nitrogen fertilizer at flowering stage significantly improved grain quality.