Simulation Study On The Effects Of Returning Branches And Leaves Of Korla Pear To Field On Soil Nutrient And Enzyme Activities

Leaf return is similar to straw return,they all contain a large amount of organic materials,and returning them to the field can replace other fertilizers to increase soil nutrients and fertility,and provide a reliable theoretical basis for solving the problem of mouth bottles in the shortage of organic fertilizer in orchards,and also provide technical support for improving the microenvironment of orchards.In this study,the effects of crushed branches and leaves directly returned to the fields under indoor mixed culture on the nutrients and physiological activities of the 40-60 cm soil in the orchard were discussed by simulating the orchard environment by simulating the orchard environment for 150 days,and the main results were as follows:（1）The simulated return of organic matter from Korla pear trees of different tree ages can significantly increase the soil nutrient content and physiological activity at 40-60 cm,but the effect of returning organic matter of pear trees at different ages on soil nutrient content and physiological activity is different:soil organic matter content and catalase activity are best improved by returning pear branches to the field;soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus,alkaline nitrogen and available phosphorus content are best improved by returning pear tree leaves to the field Soil alkaline phosphatase and urease activities were best improved by mixing pear branches and leaves.（2）The simulated return of organic matter from Korla pear trees at different times can increase the nutrient content and physiological activity of 40-60 cm of soil by different amplitudes.The best period for soil organic matter content improvement was the 60^thday after the 5-year-old branches were returned to the field,the soil full nitrogen and total phosphorus content were the best improved on the 30^thday after the5-year-old leaves were returned to the field,the best periods were the 135^thday and the 90^thday after the10-year-old leaves were returned to the field,respectively,and the best period for the improvement effect of soil catalase activity was the 75^thday after the 10-year-old branches were returned to the field The best period for soil alkaline phosphatase activity improvement is the 45^thday after the 5-year-old tree-age branch and leaf mixture is returned to the field,and the best period for soil urease activity improvement is the 75^thday after the 10-year-old tree-age branch and leaf mixture are returned to the field.In summary,it is recommended to choose the best improvement method according to the specific growth status of the pear tree:After the autumn harvest of the pear tree,40-60 cm outside the canopy,the10-year-old branches and leaves are applied to restore the tree momentum and store nutrients for the flowering and fruiting of the pear tree in the following year.At least 30 days before the budding of the pear tree,the 5-year-old foliage can be applied,on the one hand,it can prevent the lack of nutrients leading to poor growth of young leaves or poor flower quality,on the other hand,it can also gradually improve the soil nutrient and enzyme activities,and promote the absorption of N,P and other elements by fruit trees.Therefore,this study can provide a new soil management model for fruit farmers to effectively improve soil fertility and increase pear yield.