Design And Experimental Research On Edible Sunflower Harvesting Device

In view of the current segmented harvesting mode of edible sunflower in Xinjiang,combined with the problems of high labor intensity of manual harvesting and high loss rate of mechanical harvest in the process of domestic edible sunflower harvesting,and referring to the operation law of manual disc taking and threshing,a kind of edible sunflower harvester is designed.Taking the disk taking device and threshing device of sunflower harvester as the main research object,the overall scheme and structure design,key parts design,prototype manufacturing and experimental research of sunflower harvester are carried out.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The physical characteristics of sunflower in the harvest period in Xinjiang were measured.The basic parameters of sunflower plate,stem and grain of Sunflower Variety "SH363" were measured,and the planting and harvest mode of sunflower were investigated;The moisture content of sunflower plate and grain was measured;The friction angle of sunflower plate with water content of 34%～40% was measured on the steel plate,and the friction angle of sunflower plate was 22°.(2)The overall structure and key parts of the sunflower harvester were designed and analyzed.The overall structure and working principle of sunflower harvester were determined by analyzing the operation law of manual disc taking and threshing.The structure and working parameters of the key parts of the sunflower harvester are designed and analyzed.It is obtained that the total transmission ratio between the conveying chain and the ground wheel is 4.62 when taking the wheel along the vertical direction,and the push angle of the front turnover stop is 20° and the push angle of the rear turnover stop is 30°;The distance between two adjacent hitting rods of the threshing device is 70 mm,the length of the crank chute of the pressing mechanism is 100 mm,and the adjustment range of the connecting bolt of the pressing plate mechanism is 0～70 mm.(3)The soil tank test of the disk taking device of the sunflower harvester was carried out.Taking the seed drop rate as the experimental index and taking the walking speed,push rod angle and insert plate height as the experimental factors,the orthogonal test was carried out to obtain the better combination and carry out the verification test.When the walking speed was 0.4 m/s,the push rod angle was 20° and the inserting plate height was 1000 mm,the seed falling rate of sunflower was 1.22%,which met the harvest requirements of sunflower in Xinjiang.(4)The soil tank test of threshing device of sunflower harvester was carried out.The orthogonal test was carried out with the unclean rate,damage rate and impurity content as the test indexes and the beating frequency,threshing clearance and spring compression as the test factors.The better combination after comprehensive evaluation and analysis was obtained and verified.When the beating frequency was 36 times/min,the threshing clearance was 85 mm and the spring compression was 30 mm,the non threshing rate was11.75%,the damage rate was 0.97% and the impurity content was 2.03%.The damage rate and impurity content met the harvest requirements of Xinjiang sunflower,and the non threshing rate was lower than the harvest requirements of Xinjiang sunflower.