Design And Experiment Of Automatic Hard Branch Rootstock Cutting Device Based On Adaptive Cut

Grafting can cultivate fruit tree varieties with excellent characteristics.At present,most seedling cultivation enterprises still use traditional manual hard branch grafting methods for in vitro grafting operations.The diameter of the grafted rootstock ranges from 8 to 12 mm,and rootstocks with a diameter greater than 12 mm have a high degree of lignification,making it difficult to manually break the rootstock.At the same time,workers have high labor intensity,long-term work affects the efficiency of the operation,and grafting is a refined operation.It depends on the experience of workers.Large-scale operations have led to high labor costs.Based on the above situation,traditional manual operations cannot meet the production needs of seedling raising enterprises,and the mechanized operation of the rootstock breaking process in hard branch grafting has become an urgent problem to be solved.Therefore,in order to solve the problem that rootstocks are prone to splitting during the process of cutting,this paper proposes an adaptive cutting form based on the side grafting method,and designs an automatic hard branch cutting device.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The application scope and characteristics of different grafting methods were analyzed,and the " Side grafting method " was selected as the agronomic method suitable for high-efficiency mechanized hardwood grafting.In order of the problem that the rootstock is prone to split in the process of breaking the rootstock,proposes an adaptive cutting form based on the side grafting method.Drawing on the agronomic requirements of branch grafting in local and forestry standards,propose grafting technical requirements for the improved abdominal grafting method,and conduct dynamic simulation analysis on the grafting process after incision improvement to verify the feasibility of the improved incision plan.(2)According to the improved cut form and standardized grafting technical requirements,the overall scheme of the automatic stock breaking device is determined,and key components are designed and explained in detail,It mainly including the design of an automatic positioning and clamping rootstock clamping mechanism based on the double short V-shaped block positioning form on both sides;Design a rootstock conveying mechanism with multi station operation mode,and achieve automatic parallel operation of each station through multi station joint control;Design a toothed electric circular saw cutting anvil breaking mechanism that can reduce cutting resistance;The film wrapping mechanism is improved and its kinematics simulation analysis is carried out to obtain the motion speed matching the two axes,so as to realize the splay winding end and prevent the film from loosening.(3)In order to achieve reasonable selection of sawing parameters,dynamic simulation analysis was conducted on the sawing process of rootstocks.Taking the maximum sawing force in each direction as the extraction target,and explore the relationship between sawing speed,feed speed,rootstock diameter,and the sawing force in each direction through a single factor test to obtain the optimal interval of each factor.Then,conduct a multi factor simulation test to analyze the variance and response surface analysis of the test results,and finally obtain appropriate sawing parameters.In order to verify the rationality of the rootstock conveying mechanism,a static simulation analysis was conducted on the rotary table during grafting.According to the simulation results,the small deformation of the mounting plate of the rotary table and clamping cylinder will not affect the docking accuracy,and the rotary table with a thickness of 5mm meets the strength requirements.(4)Build a prototype of the rootstock cutting device,select control system hardware,complete gas circuit design,circuit design,and address allocation of the controller,and draw the controller wiring diagram based on the address allocation.To facilitate device debugging and testing,draw a workflow diagram and device timing diagram.Finally,the prototype was debugged,with apple seedlings as the operating object,and 10 groups(50 branches per group)of seedlings were selected for testing.From the experimental process,it can be seen that the device operates stably and each mechanism completes the operation smoothly.Upon inspection of the seedlings that have completed rootstock breaking,it can be seen that all measured values meet the requirements of standardized grafting technology.After calculation,the average success rate of the device in rootstock breaking is 98%,and the average efficiency is 660 plants/h,which is about three times the efficiency of manual rootstock breaking.